OUTLINE ON ARAB AMERICANS AND JEWISH AMERICANS Assignment

Layout ON ARAB AMERICANS AND JEWISH AMERICANS - Assignment Example moving to the United States during the nineteenth century on account of two significant reasons that I have distinguished (Caught in the Crossfire: Arab Americans | PBS, n.d.). Most importantly, similar to the various ethnic gatherings that went to the United States, Arab Americans came looking for better chances. This was caused on account of the wars and financial difficulties in some Arab nations explicitly two significant devastating blows: the opening of the Suez Canal that inclined world traffic from Syria to Egypt that caused different rivals in the silk business to have simple access in contending with the Lebanese silk industry; and when the Lebanese vineyards were attacked by phylloxera. iii.Another purpose behind Arab American’s migration would be close to home progression. This is particularly in light of the fact that they were encountering strict mistreatments, and the absence of political and common opportunity as a result of the abusive Ottoman system (NITLE Arab World Project, n.d.). ii. To have the option to get away from mistreatment. They originally showed up in New Amsterdam, a Dutch-possessed settlement then with no Jewish people group. From the start, they were declined affirmation since they apparently was the blasphemers of Christ until they had the option to demonstrate that they are faithful and monetarily profitable occupants that they were invited to live and work in New Amsterdam (The Jewish Americans. Jewish Life in America | PBS. n.d.). For Arab Americans, they set up the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee which is answerable for safeguarding privileges of individuals of Arab plummet and advance their social legacy in any event, when they are in an outside nation (About Us - American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee. n.d.). Beside that, the Arab American Institute, which is a non-benefit association, was made to support the immediate interest of Arab Americans in political and city life in the United States (About the Institute | The Arab American Institute. n.d.). For the Jewish Americans, the â€Å"Jewish American Heritage Month† now

A Gathering of Old Men essays

A Gathering of Old Men expositions The joining of the white and dark races is the most momentous occasion of the second 50% of this century, outperformed uniquely by two world wars in its centrality. A Gathering of Old Men is an astounding secret about a youthful white lady and seventeen old dark men in a secluded Louisiana township, every one of whom admit to the homicide of a severe Cajun rancher. The straightforward images utilized in A Gathering of Old Men greatly affect Gaines crowd. These images are the tractor and the sugar stick. The tractor represents a picture of the present, though the stick speaks to the times of the past when the blacks worked the land. The old dark men are solid disapproved, yet the Cajun ranchers changes are colossal and disheartening. The Cajuns ranchers changes to the lifestyle implies the obliteration of the sugar stick fields. This is turn obliterates the old mens pasts. The old mens precursors developed the stick fields some time before any of the current characters were alive. On their approach to Mathus home, they review the ample sections of land of stick fields; rather, they notice the obliteration of the sugar stick fields. It was the point at which they saw a vacant stick field, it generally caused [them] to feel forlorn (43). The devastation of the sugar stick fields additionally indicated the conspicuousness of the Cajun ranchers and their mastery. The sugar stick fields started to seem as though where old buddies have moved from, going out vacant and exposed (43). Similarly as the sugar stick fields started to vanish, so did the recognizable days. The Cajun ranchers cultivating strategies changed as time went on. The tractor was presented and that is the thing that started to pulverize the stick fields. This is corresponding to the old mens lifestyle that has been decimated by the Cajun ranchers disdain. The tractor is an image of the movement of time from past to introduce. None of Marshalls inhabitants that vibe the effect of the chan... <! A Gathering of elderly people Men papers right off the bat in this elaquent novel.. a sheriff is gathered to a sugarcane ranch where he discovers one youthful white lady, around eighteen old dark men, and one dead Cajun rancher. The sheriff is certain he realizes who murdered the cajun albeit every one of the men is toting a shotgun, just one of them could hit a coard entryway however dangers and slaps neglect to change their accounts. Every one cases blame, and everything except one guarantee to incite a mob at the town hall if the sheriff attempts to make a capture. Meanwhile, they sit tight for a lynch horde that the senior member man's dad like his child, an infamous animal makes certain to dispatch... Before it is finished, everybody included has been astonished by something the old dark men not cast of all, by their first taste of intensity and pride ... <! A Gathering of Old Men expositions A Gathering of Old Men, by Ernest J. Gaines, starts with the youngster storyteller, Snookum, who gets the message out that there has been a shooting on a Louisiana estate. The individual murdered is a white, Cajun rancher, named Beau Boutan. He has been slaughtered in the yard of an old, dark specialist, named Mathu. In view of the continuous clash among Cajuns and blacks in South Louisiana, the dread of the dark individuals is quickly felt. In South Louisiana, there is a lot of harshness between Cajuns, which are depicted as a white, French, customarily poor, uneducated and an ethnic minority themselves, with a background marked by savagery towards blacks, and the dark individuals. There are fifteen unique characters in this story, and all have a significant job. Since there are such a significant number of suspects for the shooting, this truly squeezes a character named Mapes. Mapes, is a white sheriff who customarily manages the dark individuals by the utilization of terrorizing a nd power, winds up in a disappointing circumstance of managing a gathering of old dark men, each conveying a shotgun and each guaranteeing that he shot Beau Boutan. Also, Candy Marshall, the youthful white lady whose family possessed the ranch, asserts that she did it. Over the span of the novel, Mapes is depicted as active, difficult, and is driven. Statement: Shoot them back, Mapes Said. Shoot them like you shot me (203). Rework: If they take shots at you, take shots back at them simply like you took shots at me (178). Model: Mapes is getting baffled since everybody is asking him what to do. Statement: Ill handle it my way Mapes said (119). Rework: I dont care what you think at the present time, Ill complete it in the long run the way that I need to do it (89). Model: Gil and others start to get eager at Mapes in light of the fact that they don't think he comprehends what he is doing. ... <!

When Your Kids Dont Love Your Favorite Childhood Stories

When Your Kids Dont Love Your Favorite Childhood Stories This is a guest post from Rebecca Einstein Schorr. Rebecca is a rabbi, essayist, special needs advocate, and life-wrangler. When she’s not channeling all of the energy into her duties as chief scullery maid, freelance writer, and editor of a professional newsletter, Rebecca can be found reading. Her husband continues to marvel how it is she finds time to read when it seems that there wasn’t time for her to do the laundry. (Sorry, honey.) Chat with her on Twitter @RebeccaSchorr. It was my dream trip. To visit Prince Edward Island, during the summer, and traipse through all of Anne Shirley’s girlhood haunts. Mentioning this to my husband as we planned our first married trip together, his reply could not have been more perfect: save that trip for when our future daughter (God-willing) is old enough to share the experience with you. It was, I now see, a risky dream on which to hang my straw hat. Had we only had sons, or been unable to have any children, the dream would have ended right there and then. But at the time it seemed to be a very Gilbert Blythe-like response. And just a few months into our marriage, these alternatives were not even part of our consciousness. Imagine, then, my delight when I gave birth to a daughter. Mere hours after entering the world, I cradled my dark-haired beauty in the crook of my arm and told her of all the wonderful things that awaited her including a far-off journey we would take together after she had (of course) fallen in love with the world of Anne of Green Gables. Lilly was slow to read. It wasn’t that she didn’t like it; it’s just that she wasn’t very good at it. We had followed the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics to a tee. We read to our children daily. With inflection. And asked them questions. Our home is filled with books and each child has his or her own personal library. They see my husband and me read for enjoyment. Not just books, but all sorts of periodicals. We are the model family when it comes to reading readiness. And yet all three of our kids have struggled with the printed word. Everything about Lilly as a little girl indicated that she would share my deep affection for these stories and the world L.M. Montgomery described. She loved tea parties and ruffled dresses and dreaming of fantastical places. But when the reading light bulb in her brain was finally switched to the on position, it wasn’t the beloved books of my youth she desired. Beverly Clearly? Nope. Laura Ingalls Wilder? No way. Neither The Little Princess nor The Secret Garden captured her heart. Not even Nancy Drew or Trixie Belden could hold her interest. Instead, she gravitates towards the Dork Diaries, The Land of Stories, and, her latest literary obsession, the Percy Jackson series. Dare I suggest a book, especially one with fond childhood memories, it is met with rolled eyes and a heavy sigh. I could write this off as Lilly’s attempt to separate herself from me. After all, she is nearly twelve and is deep in the throes of tweenhood. She vacillates between wanting me to be her BFF and responding to every interaction with such vitriol that I imagine part of my soul being crushed. So I get that my unsolicited recommendations may very well impede on her need to establish her own likes and dislikes. Or â€" and this is a harder, but much more important possibility â€" my own daughter just doesn’t love the books I love. And that needs to be OK. While I fantasized about sharing my love for particular books with her, the reality is that I have shared my love of reading with her. So we may or may not ever visit PEI together. But on August 18th, you’ll find me baking a blue cake in honor of Percy Jackson’s birthday. Because that’s her current literary dream. And literary dreams are something that we do have in common.

Work Environment And Performance As A Team - 1164 Words

Working as a team will improve the quality of care and provide great service to individuals. The purpose of having a team is to have a framework that will increase the ability for employees to participate in problem-solving, planning and decision-making. John C. Maxwell is the author of the book Teamwork Makes the Dream Work. He is known as one of America s experts on leadership. He is also the founder of John Maxwell Team Online University. He stated that â€Å"Teamwork makes the dream work, but a vision becomes a nightmare when the leader has a big dream and a bad team† (Transformational Leadership Strategist, 2015). A team can be any group of people or organizations working together to interdependently and cooperatively help meet the needs of their residents or patients based on their settings. Team work is essential in the healthcare field for happy employees. I gave a survey to 50 employees at Our Lady of the Lake – Ollie Steele that questioned their opinion on their work environment and performance as a team. The team mainly consists of Registered Nurses (RN), Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN), Certified Nurse Aides (CNA), kitchen staff, housekeeping, laundry, maintenance and administration. Each department and/or individual has a specific job to do within the main collaborative goal of providing service to the residents. I then observed the work environment of these employees during the day shift and again during the evening shift. I was looking for theShow MoreRelated Team Based Organizations Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Based Organizations Introduction A team is a small group of people with complementary skills who work actively together to achieve a common purpose for which they hold themselves collectively accountable. In today’s society, there can be several different factors that are associated for a group of people to become a high performance team. For a team to achieve great performance, and deliver real benefits to the organization, they have to be able to distinguish their strengths and weaknessesRead MoreDeveloping A Positive Work Environment At Verizon Wireless.1504 Words   |  7 Pages Developing a Positive Work Environment at Verizon Wireless Tyronda Wilson DeVry University – Keller Graduate School of Management Dr. Victoria Ashiru – Managerial Decision-Making (MGMT530) 04/16/2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction- Overview of Decision Problem Problem Statement Objectives Summary of Key Objectives Alternatives Description of Alternatives Selection Consequence Table with Original Values: Ranking Alternatives Scoring Model Weighted ScoringRead MoreTraditional vs Team Environments850 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: Traditional vs. Team Work Environments Traditional vs. Team Work Environments and the Potential for Self-Managed Teams Traditional vs Team Environments This paper will explain the differences between traditional environments and team work environments. According to Exhibit 12.1 in our text book, in the traditional environment the managers determine and plan the work, and in a team environment the managers and team members jointly determine and plan the work.   Jobs are narrowly definedRead MoreTeam Feedback Seeking Behavior ( Fsb )779 Words   |  4 PagesTeam Feedback-seeking Behavior Feedback-seeking behavior (FSB) refers to individuals’ search for evaluative information about their performance, internal processes and other behaviors for attaining valued goals (Crommelinck Anseel, 2013; De Stobbeleir, Ashford, Buyens, 2011). FSB is one of the proactive behaviors whereby individuals preemptively seek for feedback either by directly asking or indirectly observing cues in the environment to infer from them (Ashford, De Stobbeleir, Nujella, 2016)Read MoreDifferent Approaches For Human Resource Management Essay1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe environment of business is changing continuously and along with this, the human resource team need to find which strategy could be effective for the organization. There could be two different approaches for human resource managers which are best practices as well as best fit model. The proponent of best practice model state a bundle of human resource policies that include reward system whereas the best fit approaches prom otes that, reward system should be aligned to the strategy of the organizationRead MoreEssay on level 5 unit 101314 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Level 5 Unit 10 LEAD AND MANAGE A TEAM WITHIN A HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL CARE SETTING 1. Understand the features of effective team performance within a health and social care setting 1.1 Explain the features of effective team performance Introduction A team is a group of people working together in a related field to achieve an agreed goal, target or objective. In order to attain the overall goal activities and tasks are shared between the team members with give individuals their roles andRead MoreAccenture and Ups Case1288 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the advantages of working in a virtual environment like the one created by Accenture? What are the disadvantages? Advantages There are many advantages of working in a virtual environment 1. Reach to Customer : Office work environment limits an employee to the office only. In today s world there are lot of jobs specially consulting or outsourcing jobs requires deep understanding of customer processes , which one cannot get just by reading document or talking to delegated people. ItRead MoreHrm Practice887 Words   |  4 Pagesthat a high performance enterprise’s successful human resource practices also can be the example used in other enterprises and get the same results. As a result of the different understanding of people, there is also having other definitions. For example, Johnson (2000) also giving an definition that best practice is considered as a type of human resource method or system which have some qualities like additive additively, universal, and promotional effects on the organizational performance. AlthoughRead MoreJob performance is normally measured by task related statements and behaviors. Nowadays,800 Words   |  4 PagesJob performance i s normally measured by task related statements and behaviors. Nowadays, organizations pay more attention to the behaviors of how an employee can add more value and how they help to achieve the goals. These behaviors are called organizational citizenship and contextual performance. Counterproductive behavior viewed as a contrary to the organizations interest and they include theft in the workplace to the poor quality of work. Professional sport teams can help an organization answerRead MoreHow Current Project Teams Within The Organization Can Work More Collaboratively And Effectively1335 Words   |  6 Pageswill address the question of how current project teams within the organization can work more collaboratively and effectively. Due to the number of recent failed projects, the organization is currently looking into how project teams are set up and managed. The issue, given the circumstances, revolves around how to equip managers, team leaders, and members with the skills and su pport to progress from project teams to high performing project teams in order to deliver the much-needed results in their

Terrorism Is The Act Of Using Violence - 1493 Words

TERRORISM- CRITICALLY ANALYSED Terrorism is the act of using violence in order to evoke fear, especially for political purposes. This meaning developed in the nineteenth century to include violence outside the boundaries of state such as the assignation of political leaders by anarchists (Tosini, 2007). Over the year’s sociologist have tried to understand, interpret and analyse this phenomena in many different perspectives and theories. This essay will look at two particular sociological perspectives of terrorism; by Mathew Deflem and Gabe Mythen and Sandra, to critically analyse the content of their articles, their perspective on the understanding of terrorism, and the limitation in respect to their theories. Mathew Deflem uses his theory to explore how Bureaucratization theory can be utilized to create effective policing, subsequently producing successful counter-terrorism strategies. Through the bureaucratisation theory Mathew depicts that public police agencies don’t necessarily reflect the ideology of the government; contrary to the belief that the police are an extension of government power (Deflem, 2004). The bureaucratization theory, created by Weber dictates that the more developed and industrialized a society becomes, it will experience greater bureaucratization. Such a machine like society will most likely maximize efficiency and control, hence rationalizing the modern state (Gajduschek, 2003). Consequently, bureaucratization theory can also be utilized to findShow MoreRelatedTerrorism from Above vs.Terrorism from Below1236 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism from above is known as state terrorism, state terrorism is not always a straightforward process in fact it is usually a covert, secret policy that allows states to claim deniability when accused of sponsoring terrorism. There are several ways to spot terrorism from above and can be included many different aspects. Sponsors of terrorism in terrorism from above, this means the state actively promotes terrorism and has been deemed what the U.S. call a rogue state. There are also enablersRead MoreTerrorism : Killing Innocents For Noble Causes Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism: Killing Innocents for Noble Causes Can you remember where you were on the fatal day of September 11, 2001? When people think of terrorism, the first thought is usually about that dreadful day. Terrorism is defined as, â€Å"Premeditated and unlawful acts in which groups or agents of some principal engage in a threatened or actual use of force against human or property targets† (p. G-23). Terrorists often uses violence or threat to advance their agenda or goal. Terrorism is very widespreadRead MoreState Sponsored Terrorism Is Not Conducted By Democratic Regimes900 Words   |  4 Pagesdefine terrorism: (1) the use or threat to use violence; (2) a political objective; (3) with intent to spread fear through a public act; (4) with the intent to commit violence against civilians (Various, n.d.). Additionally, these themes are promoted mostly by non-democratic societies or dictatorships that advance their goals through state sponsored terrorism. State sponsored terrorism is not conducted by democratic regimes for if they truly suppressed their people through acts of terrorism thenRead MoreTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is1100 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is familiar with. Terrorism, as used in todays media which covers a wide range of violent acts. Terrorism is violent acts that are intended to create fear(terror) are perpetrated for a religious ,political or ideological goal and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non civilians or we can say it is the threat of violence or an act of violence . Terrorism is an international problem in todays globalRead More The True Meaning of Terrorism Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThe True Meaning of Terrorism Think of the word terrorism. What is the first thing that comes to mind? One might think of kidnapping, assassination, bombing, or even genocide and guerrilla warfare. Because it is such a broad and complex issue, an all-encompassing definition is hard to formulate. The United States Department of Defence defines terrorism as†¦ The calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societiesRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center1170 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent than the dangers of terrorism at a global scale: domestic terrorism. At its core, domestic terrorism differs from any other type of terrorism in the sense that those who carry it out are citizens or permanent residents of a given country and who inflict violence and intimidation against their fellow citizens or permanent residents in the pursuit of political aims (Sharpe, 2000, p. 606). In that sense, domestic terrorism may also be called homegrown terrorism. Perhaps the best, and mostRead MoreTerrorism And The Terrorist Group Isis1740 Words   |  7 Pagesthe lasts terrorism acts and the terrorist group ISIS. Within this report we will discuss how terrorism tends to take a hold on some individuals and this learner will discuss the overall feeling of this subject that seems to be missed by the USA and other Nations very briefly. We will try to get a better understanding by reading these three article which are: Bloom s 2011 article, Bombshells: Women and Terror, from Gender Issues; Campbell and Hansen 2014 article, Is Narco-Violence in Mexico Terrorism†Read MoreTerrorism Between Terrorism And Terrorism1207 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion † What trends are evident in terrorism over the past 5 years? How have these trends impacted on the ways in which counter terrorism has responded in the Australian context? Introduction Terrorism poses a serious security challenge to the Australia and globally as it prevalence has increased over a decade although less attacks occur in the Western nations. The purpose of this assignment is to examine what trends and terrorist tactics are evident internationally over the past 5 years andRead MoreWhat Is Terrorism, Is It Wrong, And Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?1530 Words   |  7 PagesIn Alison M. Jaggar’s paper â€Å"What is Terrorism, Why is it Wrong, and Could it Ever be Morally Permissible?†, she takes the topic of terrorism and tries to bring up information about it in a way to where terrorism can be discussed fairly and examined critically. Terrorism has been defined differently by various people, but many have voiced their concerns about this type of violence. Jaggar tried to develop an account (i.e., in-depth definition) of terrorism that would be consistent, precise, andRead MoreTerrorism : A Modern Terrorist Organization850 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism is a tactic that has been used for centuries, it is one of the most important and dangerous problems facing mankind today. Terrorism is the calculated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to intimidate, frighten, or coerce. In addition, the history of terrorism is as old as humans willingness to use violence exist. The earliest known organization that exhibited aspects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Zealots of Judea were known to the Romans as

Assignments IBL2 Free Essays

string(223) " Double Taxation Treaties between any of these states, which ones of them may impose income taxes on Ann\? On what income may they impose such taxes\? On what bases may they do so\? Situation 2: Mal Hombre was a rock star\." Assignments IBL2 November 2009-11-24 All subgroups number 1: Answer the following questions: a. end of chapter 10 questions number 1, 4, 5 and 6 b. give your opinion on the following situation: Intermediary Oil Co. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignments IBL2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now (IOC) of Country A purchased fuel oil that was at sea aboard a tanker. IOC then contracted to sell the oil to Big City Power Co. (BCPC) in Country B. At the time that IOC purchased the cargo of fuel oil, it received a certificate from the foreign refinery that had produced the oil certifying that its sulfur content was 0. 52 percent. When IOC contracted to sell the oil to BCPC, IOC stated that the sulfur content of the oil was 0. 5 percent (IOC rounded off the 0. 52 percent as was the custom in the trade). During its negotiations with BCPC, IOC learned that BCPC was allowed by local regulations to burn oil containing up to 1. 0 percent sulfur and that BCPC mixed the oils that it received containing greater or lesser percentages to maintain that amount. When the tanker arrived with the oil at BCPC’s storage depot, the oil’s sulfur content proved to be 0. 92 percent. BCPC rejected the shipment. IOC immediately offered BCPC a reduced price, but BCPC rejected this. The next day IOC offered to cure the defective shipment by substituting conforming oil that was on a tanker that was due to arrive approximately 4 weeks after the original delivery date. BCPC rejected this offer to cure. IOC then sued for breach of contract. The trial court, applying the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) as the governing law, held for IOC, concluding that IOC’s timely offer to cure had been improperly rejected and that BCPC was required to accept the substitute shipment. BCPC appealed. Should the appeals court affirm? All subgroups number 2: Give your opinion on and discuss the two following situations: Situation 1: Mellow Wine Co. of Country C (in Europe) produces and exports wines. It sold 1,245 cases of its wine to Tippler Distributing Co. in Country D (in North America). The contract did not use any trade terms or specify any delivery terms to any specific destination. Mellow, through its agent in Country D, selected Bigport for the port of entry in Country D. Mellow then delivered the wine to an ocean-going carrier at a port in Country C for transport to Country D on July 5 of last year. The shipping documents and the markings on the goods identified the wine as belonging to Tippler. Some six weeks later, on August 20, Tippler learned that the wine had been lost on the high seas on July 19 when the ship sank with all hands aboard. Tippler refused to pay Mellow. Mellow then sued Tippler for the full purchase price, claiming that the risk of loss had passed to Tippler, the buyer, at the time the wine had been delivered to the carrier. Tippler answered that because Mellow had not given it prompt notice of the shipment (not until after the ship was lost at sea) that the risk of loss had not passed from Mellow. Both Countries C and D are signatories of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the parties’ contract designates the CISG as the governing law. Is Tippler liable for the purchase price of the wine? Situation 2: Weaver Mills Co. in Country F contracted to purchase 100,000 yards of jute from Natural Fiber Co. in Country G at US$ 0. 64 per yard. Natural delivered 22,228 yards to Weaver at Weaver’s plant, but it then informed Weaver that it would deliver no more. Several other of Weaver’s suppliers also defaulted, so Weaver was forced to purchase a total of 164,503 yards of jute in the market a month later at a price of US$ 1. 21 per yard. Weaver then sued Natural for the difference between the market price it had paid and contract price on the 77,772 yards of jute that Natural had not delivered. Both Countries F and G are signatories of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the parties’ contract designated the CISG as the governing law. Must Natural pay the amount Weaver demands? All subgroups number 3: Give your opinion on and discuss the following situation and question: Situation: Importers, Inc. , in County A contracted with Overseas Exporters, Ltd. in Country B to purchase 50 crates of army surplus boots in assorted sizes. Importers secured an irrevocable letter of credit from Home City Bank in Country A that named Overseas Exporters as the beneficiary. The credit required Overseas Exporters to produce a bill of lading naming the bank as the consignee (plus other appropriate documents) in order for it to collect payment on the credit. When Overseas Exporters placed the crates aboard a carrier for shipment, it received the required bill of lading and other documents. Importers then learned that Overseas Exporters had filled the crates with rubbish not boots. Importers promptly notified Home City Bank of this and asked the bank not to pay Overseas Exporters on the letter of credit. The bank refused. Importers has now brought suit to enjoin the bank from making payment. Should a court grant Importers request? Question: Describe the three basic systems countries have adopted to ameliorate the burden of international double taxation. Indicate which of these is most advantageous to taxpayers and why this is so. Describe which of these systems is preferred by most countries and why this is so. All subgroups number 4: Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Ann is a citizen of State A. She resides in State B. She owns real property in State C that produces rental income. She owns personal property (stocks and bonds) in State D. Assuming that there are no Double Taxation Treaties between any of these states, which ones of them may impose income taxes on Ann? On what income may they impose such taxes? On what bases may they do so? Situation 2: Mal Hombre was a rock star. He was a resident of State A who earned most of his income in State B from performances he put on in State B. State B had signed a Double Taxation Treaty with State C that was modeled on the provisions of the OECD and UN Model Treaties. Mal established his residency in State C as of January 1, 1998, by filing a declaration with State C’s tax authority. Each year since then he has lived 3 months in State C, 4 months in State A, and 5 months in State B. Mal also set up a company in State C, Mal Compania, that employed him as its sole employee and which received all of its income from his performances in State B. Mal Compania’s directors are all residents of State B, and the board holds all of its meetings in State B. State B seeks to assess taxes on Mal for his income from his performances in State B since January 1, 1998. Mal argues that he is exempt from State B taxation for those performances because of the Double Taxation Treaty between State B and State C. Is Mal correct? All subgroups number 5: Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Imogene is an Arizona certified public accountant with an office in the US town of Nogales, Arizona. She prepares tax returns for a variety of clients, but she specializes in doing so for migrant farm workers. More than half of her clients pay for her services in cash. Rather than deposit this income in a local bank account she puts it in a suitcase, drives across the nearby border with Mexico and deposits it in a bank in the Mexican town of Nogales. This bank pays exceptionally high interest rates on her deposits and over the past five years she has earned more than $335,000 in interest income on her deposits in Mexico. Recently, the Mexican bank informed the US Internal Revenue Service’s Criminal Investigation Division (CID) about Imogene’s deposits and interest income. Because Imogene had not reported the interest income on her US federal income tax returns, the CID contacted her for an explanation. First, she told the CID that it had to be mistaken, that she had no money deposited in Mexico. When the CID asked to see her business records, she asked her secretary, Joe, to hide the journal that showed her real income and give the CID a doctored journal that did not show Imogene’s cash income. Joe refused to do so and he gave the CID the undoctored journal. When confronted with this income, Imogene said she was trying to keep the income hidden from clients who might sue her for malpractice. She also said that the Mexican bank had told her that the interest income earned there was exempt from US taxes. When confronted with a certified letter from the bank’s president denying this, Imogene said that a Mexican lawyer must have told her that interest earned in Mexico is tax exempt, but she couldn’t remember the lawyer’s name. The IRS subsequently assessed Imogene for the taxes due on the unreported $335,000 of interest income plus a 50 percent penalty for having committed tax fraud. Imogene has appealed to your court to set aside the IRS’s determination that she committed tax fraud. Situation 2: Tatum is a famous movie star who is a national of State T. Tatum now lives in a large house in Hollywood in State U five months out of each year. The rest of the time she lives in a beach house in State V. She makes all of her movies, earns all of her income, and receives all of her royalty income in State U from the State U companies that produce the movies she acts in. She has not lived in State T for fifteen years, she earns no income there, and she has not paid any income taxes to State T for the fifteen years she has been out of the country. Nevertheless, State T has assessed her for delinquent income taxes for those fifteen years. Tatum denies that she has to pay. State T and State U are parties to a Double Taxation Treaty that is modeled on the provisions of the OECD and UN Model Treaties and Tatum claims that the treaty excuses her from having tax liability to State T. State T and State V are not parties to such a treaty. The matter has been assigned to your court in State T for review of the State T taxing authority’s assessment. All subgroups number 6 Answer the following questions: a. end of chapter 9 questions number 1, 4, and 9 b. give your opinion on and discuss the following situation: In 1985, Dr. Klutz Bumpkin in State X discovered a nitrogen-phosphate compound that was inexpensive to manufacture and which served as a superior fertilizer for legumes. Dr. Bumpkin’s discovery, however, was never patented in State X. Instead, information about the compound, which came to be called Nitrophos, was published in a variety of scientific and agricultural journals worldwide, including several publications of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1986 and 1987. Several of these journals were on file in the national library of State Y (a small developing country) as well as in the library of State Y’s two universities. Each of the libraries’ records shows, however, that these journals had never been checked out or used by anyone prior to 1992. In 1988, Omni Chemical Co. , a multinational corporation headquartered in State Z, applied for a patent in State Y for the production of a fertilizer called â€Å"Fast Grow39,† the formula of which included cornstarch and Nitrophos. The State Y Patent Office advertised the application in its Official Journal and no one opposed it. Omni accordingly received the patent. Recently, Green Chemical, Ltd. in State Y began to produce a fertilizer in competition with Omni’s Fast Grow 39 called â€Å"GreenUp. Omni had a sample of GreenUp analyzed and the analysis showed that GreenUp contained the same cornstarch and Nitrophos formula as Fast Grow 39. Omni, thereupon, brought suit for patent infringement. Green countersued to have Omni’s patent revoked. Has there been an infringement or should the request for revocation be granted? All subgr oups 7 Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Leatherette, Ltd. manufactures a line of leather goods in State A, a member state of the European Union (EU). All of its products have the letters LL embossed on them as a distinctive mark. Leatherette owns the LL trademark in State A, and it has assigned the right to apply for and obtain the same trademark to licensees in the other EU member states (including licensees in State B and State C). As part of this licensing agreement, the licensees are given the exclusive right to distribute Leatherette products within the boundaries of their respective states. They are forbidden, however, from exporting the goods to any other state. KopyKat Co. has taken to buying Leatherette products in State B and reselling then in State C because it can do so at a profit. The Leatherette licensee in State C, which owns the trademark LL in State C, has brought suit for trademark infringement and it seeks an order that would stop KopyKat from importing the Leatherette products with the LL mark into State C. Will the licensee be successful? Situation 2: ClotheCo is the owner of a trademark that it puts on a line of distinctive men’s clothing that it sells in State C. This clothing is distinctive in part because it is all of the same color: â€Å"robin’s egg blue. † ClotheCo has licensed Dress Co. in State D to use its trademark. The licensing agreement forbids Dress Co. from exporting its products out of State D, and it requires Dress Co. to sell its products only to persons who agree not to export those products from State D for resale. Additionally, Dress Co. is only allowed to use the trademark on clothing that is colored â€Å"powder pink. † Parallel Co. buys the clothing manufactured by Dress Co. in State D and imports it into State C for sale there. ClotheCo has now brought suit against Parallel Co. , claiming that the goods Parallel Co. is importing into State C infringe ClotheCo. ’s trademark. Will ClotheCo succeed? How to cite Assignments IBL2, Essay examples

The Scrolls of the Dead sea Essay Example For Students

The Scrolls of the Dead sea Essay THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS Hum. 211 Karen Rank Sunday, October 17, 1999 While pursuing one of his goats into a cave near the Dead Sea in the Jordan Desert, in 1947, a fifteen year old boy by the name of Muhammad adh-Dhib, stumbled on to a great discovery. Inside the cave, he found broken jars that contained scrolls written in a strange language, wrapped in linen cloth and leather.1 This first discovery produced seven scrolls and started an archaeological search that produced thousands of scroll fragments in eleven caves. The Dead Sea is located in Israel and Jordan, east of Jerusalem. The dead sea is very deep, salty, and it’s the lowest body of water in the world. Because the dead sea is at such a low elevation, the climate has a high evaporation rate but a very low humidity which helped to preserve the scrolls.2 Archaeologists searched for the dwelling of the people that may have left the scrolls in the caves. The archaeologist excavated a ruin located between the cliffs where the scrolls were found and the dead sea. This ruin is called Qumran. The ruins and the scrolls were dated by the carbon 14 method and found to be from the third century which made them the oldest surviving biblical manuscript by at least 1000 years. Since the first discoveries archaeologists have found over 800 scrolls and scroll fragments in 11 different caves in the surrounding area. In fact, there are about 100,000 fragments found in all. Most of which were written on goat skin and sheep skin. A few were on papyrus, a plant used to make paper, but one scroll was engraved on copper sheeting telling of sixty buried treasure sites.3Because the scrolls containing the directions to the treasures is unable to be fully unrolled, the treasures have not been found yet. In all, the texts of the scrolls were remarkable. They contained unknown psalms, Bible commentary, calendar text, mystical texts, apocalyptic texts, liturgical texts, purity laws , bible stories, and fragments of every book in the Old Testament except that of Esther, including a imaginative paraphrase of the Book of Genesis. Also found were texts, in the original languages, of several books of the Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha. These texts—none of which was included in the Hebrew canon of the Bible—are Tobit, Sirach, Jubilees, portions of Enoch, and the Testament of Levi, up to this time known only in early Greek, Syriac, Latin, and Ethiopic versions.4 John Trever of the W. F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, was allowed to investigate the scrolls and was stunned to find that the scrolls closely resemble the Nash Papyrus, the once known oldest fragment of the Hebrew Bible dated at or around 150 BC. One of the scrolls was a complete copy of the book of the prophet Isaiah. Trever also examined three other scrolls; the Manual of Discipline, a commentary on the book of Habbakuk, and one called the Genesis Apocryphon. Trever took photographs of the texts to William Foxwell Albright ; of John Hopkins University in Baltimore, who declared the scrolls dated back to around 100 BC.5 The scroll and fragments found in the Qumran is a library of information that contains books or works written in three different languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. Many scholars separated the scrolls into three different categories: Biblical Books found in the Hebrew Bible. Apocryphal or psuedepigraphical Works not in some Bibles but included in others. Sectarian ordinances, biblical commentaries, apocalyptic visions, and sacred works.6 One of the longer text, found in Qumran is the Tehillim or Psalms Scroll. It was found in 1956 in cave 11 and unrolled in 1961. It is a assortment of Psalms, hymns and an indifferent passage about the psalms authored by King David. The Secret Diary of Lady Macbeth Essay18 One of the most fascinating similarities is how the people divided themselves into twelve tribes led by twelve chiefs. This is very similar to how Jesus had twelve apostles who would sit on thrones and judge the twelve tribes of Israel. 19 The Dead Sea Scrolls were written during the birth of Christianity and an important time in Jewish history. The scrolls have giving an insight into the lives and customs of the people who lived in a time of Roman invasion and Jewish history. Although the text do not hold all the answers, they do give people a tool to use when studying biblical history. Only a very few scholars had access to the scrolls before copies of the scrolls were published in the 1990’s; now we all have a chance to read an come to our own conclusions about the text. Whether the scrolls uphold Jewish or Christian beliefs is not the only interesting part of the scrolls. The text also give a more personal look at the people who lived in a major part of Jewish history. WORKS CITED Burrows, Millar. (1955). The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Grammercy Publishing Company Roth, Cecil. (1965). The Dea Sea Scrolls. A New Historical Approach. New York: W. W. Norton Company. Schubert, Kurt . (1959). The Dead Sea Community. Great Britain: Bowering Press Plymouth. Shanks, Hershel. (1998). The Mystery And Meaning Of The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Random House. Project Judaica Foundation, Inc.(1996-1999) . Welcome to SCROLLS FROM THE DEAD SEA. The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Scholarship, an Exhibit at the Library of Congress, Washington,DC http://metalab.unc.edu/expo/deadsea. scrolls.exhibit/intro.html, Site design by New Connections. Bibliography:Bibliography WORKS CITED Burrows, Millar. (1955). The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Grammercy Publishing Company Roth, Cecil. (1965). The Dea Sea Scrolls. A New Historical Approach. New York: W.W. Norton Company. Schubert, Kurt . (1959). The Dead Sea Community. Great Britain: Bowering Press Plymouth. Shanks, Hershel. (1998). The Mystery And Meaning Of The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Random House. Project Judaica Foundation, Inc.(1996-1999) . Welcome to SCROLLS FROM THE DEAD SEA. The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Scholarship, an Exhibit at the Library of Congress, Washington,DC http://metalab.unc.edu/expo/deadsea.scrolls. exhibit/intro.html, Site design by New Connections. Word Count: 1513

70+ Academic Honors Examples for Your College Application

70+ Academic Honors Examples for Your College Application SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips College applications are all about showing off to the admissions committee, and what better way to do so than to lead with your most impressive academic awards.What are the best academic honors and awards to put on a college application? In this guide, we give you 70+ academic honors examples to give you an idea of what types of achievements colleges like to see most on applications.In addition, we explain what counts as an academic honor or award, go over different impressive academic honors and awards examples you can get, and give you useful tips for effectively talking about awards on your application. What Is an Academic Honor or Award? First things first, what counts as an academic honor or award? Generally speaking, an academic honor or award is any major achievement you’ve made and been recognized for in some way.The form of recognition can range from an actual object, such as a trophy or plaque, to prize money, a title, or verbal recognition. Typically, an academic honor will fall into one of the following categories: Distinction, honor, or honorable mentionfor which you won’t usually receive a physical object or award- just the title A diploma or certificate indicating the completion of a program or recognizing an accomplishment in a program or other activity Prize or award won from a contest, competition, or tournament Scholarship given in recognition of an outstanding (academic) accomplishment Membership in a highly selective and competitive group or society If you’ve won any awards for specific activities such as a sport you play or a club you’re part of, it’s better to list these in the extracurricular activities section of your application instead of in a separate awards section. So what are some honors and awards to put on a college application? Up next, we'll take a look at more than 70 academic honors examples. Academic Honors and Awards Examples Here, we give you a list of 70+ academic honors and awards examples you could include on your own college application, from prizes won in national and international contests to school-based distinctions and awards. All the academic honors examples below are grouped by category and listed alphabetically. Note that this is not an exhaustive list of all academic honors and awards you could possibly have, so if you have an achievement that doesn’t exactly match one of the examples below, don’t worry- you can still put it on your college application! Advanced Placement (AP) Awards AP International Diploma (APID) AP Scholar AP Scholar with Distinction AP Scholar with Honor DoDEA AP Scholar International AP Scholar National AP Scholar State AP Scholar IB Awards IB Diploma IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) Certificate National Awards Governor’s Volunteer Award National Student Volunteer Award President’s Award for Educational Achievement President’s Award for Educational Excellence President’s National Service Award PSAT Awards National Hispanic Scholar National Merit Commended Student National Merit Finalist National Merit Scholar National Merit Semifinalist School-based National Merit Scholarship winner School-Based Awards Foreign language award High class rank (e.g., top 10%) Honor roll/GPA award National Honor Society membership Perfect Attendance Award School-specific award School subject-specific award Student of the Month/Term/Year Subject-specific Honor Society membership (e.g., Science Honor Society) Competitions and Contests Award for high placement (1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th) or participation in any major (academic) contest, such as the following: AAN Neuroscience Research Prize Academic Decathlon Academic Triathlon American Regions Mathematics League (ARML) B.E.S.T. Robotics Design contest Conrad Spirit of Innovation Challenge Davidson Fellows Scholarship Doodle 4 Google Google Science Fair Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) International BioGENEius Challenge International Chemistry Olympiad International Mathematical Olympiad International Photography Awards (IPA) Kids Philosophy Slam LifeSmarts Microsoft Imagine Cup MIT INSPIRE MIT THINK Scholars Program Model UN National Academic League National Academic Quiz Tournament National Economics Challenge by CEE National Geographic Bee National Geographic Student Photo Contest National High School Mock Trial Championship National Science Bowl National Science Olympiad PhysicsBowl Quiz Bowl Regeneron Science Talent Search (STS) Regional/National Junior Science and Humanities Symposium Scholastic Art Writing Awards Toshiba/NSTA ExploraVision Awards University Interscholastic League (UIL) Miscellaneous Awards Boy Scouts/Eagle Scouts awards Employee of the Month Girl Scouts awards Merit scholarships for college Musical performance award National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) winner National Poetry Writing Month (NaPoWriMo) winner Publications (such as short stories, art pieces, essays, etc.) Volunteer award Work award or promotion The Best Honors and Awards to Put on a College Application Of the dozens of academic honors examples above, which ones will look the most impressive on a college application?Here, we explain the top four qualities a truly impressive academic honor will have. Note that an honor doesn’t need to have allthese qualities, though if it does, then it is definitely an excellent one to put on your application! #1: It’s Highly Selective One quality you want to highlight on your application is the selectivity of the award or honor you’ve won.In other words, the academic award will be one that a lot of students try to win, making it difficult to achieve. For example, because national and international contests and competitions draw so many student competitors, winning an award like these would certainly impress the admissions committee. The more selective an academic honor or award is, the more impressive it’ll look on your college application. Academic Honors Examples of Highly Selective Awards National Merit Scholar Google Science Fair winner National Student Volunteer Award #2: It’s Unique Admissions committees see a lot of honor roll and National Society honors on college applications (not that these are bad- they’re just fairly common). So if you've won a particularly unique or rare award, definitely include it on your application, as this willhelp you stand out from the crowd. A unique award can be highly selective; it can also be one that is less well known or that highlights something creative, surprising, or impressive about you. For instance, maybe you won the Most Innovative Employee award at your part-time job after you pitched the idea to create and manage a social media page for the company. Academic Honors Examples of Unique Awards Specific school-based awards (e.g., Most Confident Speaker in Chinese Class) Local or community-based awards #3: It’s Relevant to Your Academic Interests and Strengths Another academic award or honor that'sgreat to include on your college application is one that’s relevant to your academic interests and strengths.These are typically subject- or field-specific awards, such as English or writing awards, math awards, etc. For example, if you’re planning to major in engineering, you'd want to detail any awards you might have won in science, math, or engineering contests. Relevant awards indicate to the admissions committee not only that you’re truly committed to the field you want to study, but also that you’re one of the most promising students in your field. Academic Honors Examples of Relevant Awards AP award Writing award or publication (if you’re an English or creative writing major, for example) STEM award (if you’re a STEM major) Model UN (if you’re a political science or IR major, for example) #4: It Highlights Your Leadership Potential An impressive academic honor or award will also emphasize your leadership potential.These are typicallyawards that involve group or collaborative work.So if you ever led others to success- as a captain or president, for instance- this kind of honor would look great to potential colleges. Just make sure that you explain on your application what kind of role you had and how your leadership specifically led your team to success. Academic Honors Examples of Leadership/Group Awards Volunteer awards Girl Scouts or Eagle Scouts awards How to Talk About Honors on Your College Application: 4 Tips Since you likely won’t have a lot of room to write about academic honors and awards on your application, it's important thatyou present your academic achievements in an effective, impressive way.Here are some tips on how to talk about the awards you've won. Tip 1: Open With Your Most Impressive Awards Admissions officers don’t usually spend a lot of time with each application they get, so you want to make sure that you’re catching their eyes right away by starting with your most impressive honors and awards.These will generally be awards that are highly competitive and required a lot of work and commitment on your end. Tip 2: Focus on Your Spike A "spike" is a particular academic passion you have.For example, if you’re a science buff who plans to major in chemistry, you'd want to emphasize your spike on your application by focusing primarily on your chemistry- and science-related activities and awards. Having a spike will ultimately help you stand out from other applicants.To learn more about how you can develop a spike, check out our guide on how to get into Harvard and the Ivy League. Spikes: good for hedgehogs and college applications. Tip 3: Describe Awards That Are Vague or Unclear Not all academic awards and honors are well known or obvious, especially if they’re unique to your school or area. Therefore, make sure that you’re using the space you have in the awards section of your application to describe any academic honors that the admissions committee is probably unfamiliar with. The last thing you want an award to do is confuse admissions officers, so be clear about what it is, how you won it, and what makes it impressive. Tip 4: Explain the Competitiveness of the Award For each academic award or honor you’ve won, you want to clarify its level of competitiveness by explaining the scope of the competition.For example, was the science tournament you won a national one? A local one? A school-based one? Note that if the award has the word "national" or "international" in it, you shouldn’t have to add much explanation to its description since it'll be obvious that the award is fairly selective. The overall point here is to show off! Recap: Honors and Awards to Put on a College Application As you can see, there's a huge variety in the types of academic honors and awards examples you can put on your college application. The 70+ academic honors examples listed above are just some of the possible honors you could include. In general, the best academic honors to include on your application will have some or all of the following qualities: They’re highly selective/competitive They’re unique They highlight your academic interests and strengths (your "spike," that is) They emphasize your leadership skills/potential You won’t have a ton of space on your application to explain the academic awards you’ve won, so it’s important to use the room you have wisely. To reiterate, here are our four best tips for how to talk about your academic awards and honors on your application: Open with your most impressive awards and honors Focus on your spike- i.e.,your biggest academic passion and commitment Describe any vague, unclear, or lesser-known awards/honors you've received Explain the competitiveness of the award Now get out there and win some awards! What’s Next? Lots of colleges use the Common App. If you're going to be using this platform to apply to college, make sure you know what to expect with the Common App honors section. Planning to take AP tests in the spring? If you're hoping to snag a distinguished AP award, read our guide to get tips on how you can do this. Honors can prove that you're a serious and ambitious college applicant.Check out our expert guide to learn what high school honors is and how you can achieve honors status at your own high school. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in.

buy custom Ode to a Nightingale essay

buy custom Ode to a Nightingale essay The poem Ode to a Nightingale, by the poet John Keats with the other odes, is some of the most important achievements of his poetic history. These odes collectively put forward the ideal of romance and eternal love. The poem in particular is significant as it discusses the immortality of nature with the beauty of its creation, but it tries to reject the optimistic pursuit of pleasures that are found in other Keats poems. It is analyzed with reference to the ode in this article. Keats was one of the most popular poets of the early nineteenth century. He is responsible for the development of the Romanticism, which was a movement that espoused the sanctity of emotion and imagination, and privileged the beauty of the natural world. Many of ideas and themes evident in Keatss great odes are quintessentially Romantic concerns: the beauty of nature, the relation between imagination and creativity, the response of passions to beauty and sufferings, and the transience of human life in time p 8. Ode to a Nightingale was one of the most popular odes of John Keats considering he had written other very popular and well developed odes. The choice of a nightingale can be questioned, but the answer to that is a Greek legend which explains the evolution of the nightingale as a bird and how it is supposed to have a magical voice. Keats is considered an important patron of the Romanticism especially in Britain. If this is true, then this certainly is his masterpiece (Leeds 19). The poem Ode to a Nightingale gives the descriptions of series between reality and romantic ideal for union of nature. It is the existence of struggle between the real and ideal that have the antithesis of pain and pleasure. It is the sense of fulfilling the imagination and the fullness the performance change in humans and nature. He is addressing the nightingale in a forest as being an object of empathy and praise in the poem where it gets its name, Ode to a Nightingale. He is not envious of the nightingales happiness but is glad to share it with her. The discussion does not concern the bird and its song but the experience of humans, as the song signifies the complex image which is being formed by the interaction of voices of praise and empathy. There is a connection of the song to the music produced by the urn in Ode on a Grecian urn that was connected to the sculpture art. Thus, the nightingale has the representation of presence that is enchanting, which has a direct connection tom nature unlike in the urn. The natural beauty is lacking in the song as there is no true message, as he follows the belief of Coleridge by losing himself in the separation of the worl from the song. The previous depictions in the poem had the melancholic feels that is lacking in this happy songbird, which is the only voice in the poem. There is the highlight of desire for alcohol, and the speaker wants to get drunk and enjoy like the nightingale. The nightingales voice has the power of compelling the narrator in joining the song so that he forgets the world and its sorrow, but there is the guilt in regard to the toms and his brother death as held by the narrator (Leeds 19). Three is the representation to give up the troubles and problems associated with the human life to disappear from the world to the fantasy realm. He wants them to fade away so that he can enjoy and be like the nightingale, carefree and singing. The speaker detests the lack of permanent happiness as there is the idea of mortality associated with the human life depicted in phrases such as, youth grows pale, and specter-thin, and dies, and beauty cannot keep her lustrous eyes. There is the narrators abandoning of his sense so that he can embrace the song by sharing darkness with it. The narrator is left wondering whether it was real vision or just a dream as he was left broken after the song ended. The poem is relying on the sleeping process that is always common to his poems as there is the sharing of themes. The nightingale is depicted to be mysterious with its disappearing at the end of the poem. It is the elusiveness the poem tries to emphasize in the dream image as the elements in the poem does not complete the nightingale and the self identification allowing only the self awareness. The poem has splits with the first trying to identify the bird, and the song and the other is the convergence of past with the present with the present experiences. This is the reminder of the progress of human and how the development of man is from the experience of wanting pleasure only for him to understand that pleasure and pain are mixtures of truth. The nightingale fly away, and the speaker fly with it in a drunk manner but through the poetry. He wants to glide away from the trouble of the human life and experience happiness of nature like the nightingale experiences. This are the moments of pleasure that do overwhelm an individual like drug with a short lasting experience of pleasure as the narrator is depicted as being left without pleasure as the body has the desire for it. Thus, the narrator has to hide in the poem because of loss of pleasure and does not want to embrace the truth. The pleasure asked by the narrator is not brought, but it is only liberating him from the des ires of pleasure. The fifth and sixth stanzas pay specific attention to this aspect of natures beauty and how it is fascinating forr the speaker. There is the progression of association that makes the feeling movements being at the mercy of the words that by chance were evoked. The acceptance to the loss of pleasure is the acceptance of life and later death as it is the constant theme of Keats poetry because of her exposure to it. Keats has been extremely popular for his odes and their multiple themes via these odes. Ode to a Nightingale is one of a kind. The poets speaker is involved in the exploration of themes regarding the creative expression and mortality of human life. Ode to a Nightingale seems to enlighten the reader with the method of the transience of life. Human life is not eternal, and man seems to keep growing old till the point when he/she dies. This theme of pleasure loss and the inevitable death is thus describing the inadequate pleasure and romantic escape to the worlds of beauty from the real world. Changes in the levels of life and mortality are displeasing as the speaker life young and beautiful like the si nging of a nightingale. The poem is depicting that humans are in search of the mystery in the unsuccessful quest for its light in the darkness, that only lead to increase in darkness, thus; their recognition of how impossible the mystery is to the mortals. The pleasure and death incorporation gives the poem a darker environment that connects the other poems to the imagination of demonic nature. The poem focuses on the immortality of nature when compared to the mortality of mankind. However, even if Nature has creatures that die and mortal nature in its essence never dies but continues forever. The bird has no consciousness as man has and, therefore, the nightingale is part of the nature and merges in its essence. This is the very aspect which causes the speaker to label the nightingale as immortal. The bird is certainly part of the nature of immortality. This is because the bird is not in conflict with its surrounding but merges in it. This is what is very different in mankind. The contrast that is made between the immortal bird and the mortal human has been made more acute by the imaginations effort which the poet has been eager to highlight John Keats has written a whole series of odes but what makes this one unique is the contrast between Nature and man. This stresses upon the Romanticism much effectively as for Nature there is no end, and it is immortal. Mankind in the other hand is restricted and with the competition they have and the lack of reconciliation makes a man a mortal being. Man can never compare himself with the greatness of Nature (Shmoop p10). Nonetheless , the Ode to a Nightingale is a well expressed love for Nature and John Keatss message is very clear for the reader. This is a very epic ode appreciated by critics. Buy custom "Ode to a Nightingale" essay

The Impact of Transportation on the Environment Essay

The Impact of Transportation on the Environment - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that  the impact of the transportation industry on the environment can be classified into three categories such as direct impact, indirect impact and cumulative impact. Direct impact deals with immediate consequences of transportation activities on the environment where the cause and effect relationship is clearly specified or explained. Indirect impact explains the secondary   impact or effect of the transportation activities on the environment.This essay discusses that  the consequences of the indirect impact are higher as compared to the consequences of direct impact of transportation on the environment but the relationship between the direct and the indirect impact of the transportation on the environment is difficult to establish. Cumulative impact can be considered as the multiplicative, additive or synergic consequences of transportation activities on the environment. The cumulative impacts take into consideration the varied or different impac ts of the transportation on the ecosystem which are generally unpredictable in nature.   The transportation industry selected for discussion in this paper is trucking industry.   The trucking industry is often subsidized by public sector especially through the maintenance and construction of road infrastructure which is generally free of access. In developed countries the environmental regulations have been imposed by the government to reduce the emission of individual vehicles.

The Supply Chain Department of Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd Essay

The Supply Chain Department of Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd - Essay Example The company’s mission was to provide quality and innovative healthcare products for people and have a strong ethical stand culture in its business operations which help the company to give the maximum benefit to the stakeholders, shareholders and also to the society. Watson Pharmaceuticals is the major competitor for the company as they produce the similar products and also have a strong overall process. The company has shown a good growth rate in the previous few years and also has come up with new products launching them in the market (Ahmed, Tabassum and Hossain 2005:93). Supply chain management is a very strong and important part for the successful running of any company and mainly for companies which are in the pharmaceuticals business as they need to take care of all the members and also the information flow play a vital role in the market demand and changing trend in the market. It involves the overall flow and maintenance of the materials, information and the finance that is involved in the process which moves from the supplier to the company then to the retail and distributors from there to the end customers. The main objective of supply chain management is to reduce the inventory stock as a result reduces the additional cost of maintaining the stock. The company’s market share is 16.23% having a good growth rate of around 14.9% and in 2004 it had shown a growth rate of 11% in the country among all the competitors. The company’s market share is the highest among all other competitors and it enjoys the position of being a market leader. The company has enjoyed this position over the years because of the strong strategies that it has followed from last two decades which has got the company’s growth to go up in an exponential manner (Baligh 2006:56). The company has always maintained a strategy to provide good quality products to its customers and have a transparent medium in

Law Essays Legal ownership vested in trustees must be balanced by identifiable equitable ownership

Law Essays Legal ownership vested in trustees must be balanced by identifiable equitable ownership Legal ownership vested in trustees must be balanced by identifiable equitable ownership. Critically discuss this statement and the difficulties inherent in it in relation to the interests of beneficiaries under discretionary trusts. What is the practical importance of determining where the beneficial interest lies in discretionary trusts? The trust is a creature of equity. It has been described as â€Å"the paradigm case of equity’s interference with common law rights in pursuit of justice.† The trust imposes obligations on the legal owner of particular property to hold that property for the benefit of others. Thus the opening quotation can be said to identify one of the basic tenets of trust law in England and Wales. The trust has developed over the centuries in England to incorporate various types. One such type is the so-called discretionary trust. However, arguably disparity exists between the need to establish identifiable, beneficial or equitable ownership, and a discretionary trust which, by its nature, evades such identification. A contrast is seen between the discretionary trust and the fixed trust; although both are types of express trust. Under a fixed trust, the beneficial interests are just that: fixed. Thus the share of the trust property to which the beneficiary is to receive is ‘fixed’ into the trust instrument. However with a discretionary trust, the trustee, in whom legal ownership vests, has a dispositive discretion. Thus under a fixed trust, the trustee must dispose of the trust property in accordance with the terms of the trust; whereas under a discretionary trust he may have discretion as to the precise value of the beneficiaries’ entitlement, or even if they are to receive anything at all. An example of such a dispositive discretion is where a trust is established for a group of beneficiaries â€Å"in such portions as the trustee shall in their absolute discretion see fit†. It is a fixed trusts’ rigidity which seemingly underpins the subsequent reasoning behind the discretionary trust. A fixed trust may become outmoded or outdated due to changing circumstances; whereas a trustee under a discretionary trust can respond appropriately to these changing circumstances by applying his discretion accordingly to the situation. A beneficiary may, for example in the light of his allotted share, decide to forego education or employment and live off the trust property; the so-called â€Å"trustafarian†. Under a discretionary trust the trustee would have the power to temporarily sever that beneficiary from the trust property as an incentive to become more self reliant. To take a further example from the common law, the seminal case of McPhail v Doulton (1971) saw Mr Baden establish a trust for the benefit of the staff of his company, their relatives and dependents. He granted â€Å"absolute discretion† to the trustees to distribute the trust fun d as they saw fit. By 1971, the trust fund had increased significantly, as had the size of the class of potential beneficiaries (the employees alone numbered 1300 in 1941). The nature of the trust was flexible enough to allow the trustees to select which members of the intended class should benefit. An interesting aspect of the discretionary trust, and a pertinent one to the opening quotation, is that no individual who is part of the class of possible beneficiaries, has any equitable title to or interest in the trust property until such time as the trustee exercises his discretion in that individual’s favour. It is also important to note that despite the discretion granted to the trustee, this does not equate to him having ‘free rein’ to do whatever he wishes with the trust property.He will still be limited by the terms of the trust, and remains under a fiduciary obligation to carry out these terms. Again, McPhail v Doulton is significant here, as the House of Lords in that case held that the trustees, despite their â€Å"absolute discretion† to select the beneficiaries, were not at liberty to refuse to carry out the trust. However this does not arguably make it any easier to reconcile the discretionary trust with the opening quotation; rather it highl ights the limits of the trustee’s dispositive discretion. To compare the discretionary trust to the fixed trust and the power of appointment is instructive:no proprietary interest in the fund exists with the objects of a power, unless an appointment is made in their favour. Under a fixed trust, the beneficiaries have an identifiable equitable title to the property: the subject of the trust. However with a discretionary trustit has been suggested that beneficiaries have a â€Å"quasi-proprietary† right;that is that the class of beneficiaries as a whole can be seen to have a collective proprietary entitlement to the fund, although individual members of the class cannot claim individual proprietary entitlement. This was highlighted in Gartside v IRC(1968) when Lord Reid stated that â€Å"†¦you cannot tell what any one of the beneficiaries will receive until the trustees have exercised their discretion.† An important principle in trust law generally is that identified in the case of Saunders v Vautier (1841). Briefly, this principle states that a beneficiary who has an absolute interest under a trust, and who is sui juris (that is, of full age and sound mind) is entitled, at any time, to call on the trustee to transfer the legal title to the trust property in which the beneficiary holds that interest to him. The operation of this principle under a fixed trust is quite straightforward, as the beneficiary’s equitable entitlement will be easily ascertainable. How does it apply to discretionary trusts where the interest is not so easily identifiable? This issue was considered by Romer J in the case of Re Smith (1928). With reference to the earlier case of Re Nelson(1918), Romer J stated that under a discretionary trust where there are two ‘objects’ (the term applied to possible beneficiaries under a discretionary trust), â€Å"..You treat all the people put together just as though they formed one person, for whose benefit the trustees were directed to apply the whole fund.† So essentially, Romer J meant thatthe beneficiaries may, acting together as one, require the trustees to transfer the trust property to them as co-owners. However, perhaps the Saunders v Vautier principle is not entirely applicable to discretionary trusts; namely because the beneficiaries are not treated as having a vested interest in the trust property. Only after the beneficiaries, acting as one, have demanded the transfer of the trust property using the Vautier principle, do they acquire their indefeasible interests in the trust property. This was established in Vestey v IRC (No 2) (1979), but had already been considered by Lord Reid in Gartside v IRC (1968). Here Lord Reid stated that the individual interests of the objects of a discretionary trust are actually in competition with each other until such times as the each object has his own individual right to retain whatever income is appointed to him. To return to the rights of objects of discretionary trusts, how can they enforce a possible interest if that interest is not ascertainable because the trustee has not exercised his discretion? It is well established that objects of discretionary trusts have locus standi to sue trustees in order to enforce the trust. It is, however, difficult to control trustees in exercising their discretions. Trustees are under a duty to survey the range of objects, or the members of the class of potential recipients. Lord Wilberforce considered this matter in McPhail v Doulton, stating that â€Å"†¦Any trustee†¦would surely make it his duty to know what is the permissible area of selection and then consider responsibly, in individual cases, whether a contemplated beneficiary was within the power, and whether, in relation to other possible claimants, a particular grant was appropriate†. Thus the rights and interests of objects of a discretionary trust have caused considerable academ ic debate. Commentators such as Harris have suggested that under a discretionary trust, the trustees â€Å"appear† to be the legal owners, subject to the equitable rights of enforcement of the beneficiaries (as the objects will then become). If necessary, the courts will construe the terms of the trust to determine the boundaries of the trustee’s discretion. In Gisborne v Gisborne, the trustee had been granted an â€Å"uncontrollable authority† by the trust instrument. When the beneficiary received less of the trust property than she had hoped for, the court did not intervene because the trustee had acted within his authority as granted by the trust instrument. In addition, the discretion shown by the trustee must be exercised in good faith, and in the best interests of the objects or beneficiaries. Thus while this does not aid in establishing the beneficial interest, it does provide a crucial limit on a trustee’s discretion. An interesting development in recent years in the area of the validity of a trustee’s discretion is the application of the Wednesbury principle, which was established in the case of Associated Provincial Picture House Limited v Wednesbury Corporation (1948). This was applied in Edge v Pensions Ombudsman (1998), in which it was established that a court should not interfere unless the trustee took into account â€Å"improper, irrelevant or irrational considerations†. Again, although this provides a useful limit to the unfettered discretion of a trustee, it does not necessarily assist in identifying the beneficial interest to counterbalance the legal interest vested in the trustee. A discussion of the beneficial interest under a discretionary trust must consider the important distinction between a trust and a power. As Martin simply puts it, â€Å"trusts are imperative; powers are discretionary.† That is to say the trustees are obliged to carry out their duties under the trust, whereas donees under a power may or may not exercise the power as they see fit. This highlights the essential problem with the opening quotation’s applicability to discretionary trusts, even though the beneficiaries as a whole, or as one, own the interest to equitable title in the trust property, and can even compel the trustees to transfer the legal title to them under the principle in Saunders v Vautiers (1841). This approach was subsequently adopted by Romer J in the Court of Appeal in Re Smith (1928), in which he said that the principle should be to â€Å"treat all the people put together just as though they formed one person, for whose benefit the trustees were direct ed to apply the whole of a particular fund.† The beneficiaries cannot demand payment under a discretionary trust as they would be able to under a fixed trust, because there is no identifiable value to which the beneficiary is entitled until the trustee exercises his discretion. The beneficiaries can, however, compel the trustee to consider what he will do, although they cannot compel him to distribute. This was established in McPhail v Doulton, and also demonstrates where the distinction between a discretionary trust and a power exists: under the latter there is no such duty on the donee to make an appointment. McPhail v Doulton was also significant because of Lord Wilberforce’s criticisms of the rule set out in IRC v Broadway Cottages Trust (1955) in relation to the validity of discretionary trusts. That rule, he stated, ought to be discarded, and the new test ought to be â€Å"that the trust is valid if it can be said with certainty that any given individual is or is not a member of the class† (at 456). The test in IRC v Broadway Cottages Trust was known as the â€Å"complete list† test, and suggested that a discretionary trust would fail for lack of certainty of objects if a â€Å"complete list† of the potential beneficiaries could not be drawn up. Lord Wilberforce’s criticisms focused on the fact that this was only really appropriate where the discretionary trust was a â€Å"family-style† trust under which the class of potential beneficiaries was small, and was inappropriate given the changing social functions of the discretionary trust. In McPh ail v Doulton, however, as Lord Wilberforce identified, this test was simply unworkable, since that case would have demanded a complete list be drawn up of all employees, ex-employees, relatives and dependents. This highlights the administrative difficulties of the original test. As amended by Lord Wilberforce, however, the test becomes more manageable. Harris has described McPhail v Doulton as a watershed in the law in this area. This was largely because of its effect on the existing law as set down in IRC v Broadway Cottages Trust, which stated that to be valid, a discretionary trust had to specify an ascertainable class of cestuis que trust. As Harris argues, this was a welcome development as many judgments, applying the previously existing law, had expressed regret as to the position of the law on policy grounds. An example of this is in the Broadway Cottages case itself, in which Jenkins LJ admitted that the rule was contrary to common sense. What other factors contribute to the practical importance of establishing where the beneficial ownership lies in discretionary trusts? Under the complete list test, the beneficial ownership would necessarily be shared equally by the entire class of beneficiaries in the event that the trustee defaulted in his duty. Lord Wilberforce also addressed this issue in McPhail v Doulton. â€Å"Equal division is surely the last thing the settlor ever intended: equal division among all probably would produce a result beneficial to none†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (at 451). As Gardner points out, this recognised the evolution of the social function of the discretionary trust to enable property owners to â€Å"confer benefits on deserving cases amongst large constituencies – in the same sort of way as charitable trusts.† Where the beneficial ownership lies in discretionary trusts is also important in the context of â€Å"administrative unworkability†, another concept to arise out of McPhai l v Doulton. This applies to situations where, again in the words of Lord Wilberforce, â€Å"the meaning of the words used is clear but the definition of the beneficiaries is so wide as to not form â€Å"anything like a class† so that the trust is administratively unworkable†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (at 457). Lord Reid’s comment in Gartside v IRC noted above perhaps gives the best illustration of the position of discretionary beneficiaries in relation to identifiable beneficial interest in the trust property. He stated that â€Å"two or more persons, cannot have a single right unless they hold it jointly or in common. But clearly the objects of a discretionary trust do not have that: they have individual rights, they are in competition with each other and what the trustees give to one is his alone.† The same principle was applied in Re Weir’s Settlement (1969) and Sainsbury v IRC (1970). The difficulties of applying the principle outlined in the opening quotation to discretionary trusts have been considered. Fundamentally it is problematic because the whole purpose of a discretionary trust is to allow the trustee to use his discretion to assign a value of the trust property to a particular beneficiary. Although the class of potential beneficiaries as a whole own the beneficial interest, arguably there is no way of identifying the individual shares until the trustee has exercised his discretion. Even this assertion is contentious, however, as Pettitt, for example, has argued that the beneficial interest under a discretionary trust remains â€Å"in suspense† until the trustees exercise their discretion. The more significant right of the members of the class of beneficiaries is the right to be considered as a potential recipient from the fund by the trustees. This was highlighted by Lord Wilberforce in IRC v Gartside (at 606). Furthermore, the members have the ri ght to have the trustees use their discretion â€Å"bona fides†, â€Å"fairly†, â€Å"reasonably† and â€Å"properly†. This falls some way short of the rights of a beneficiary under a fixed trust, and again, highlights the fundamental problem with the application of the opening statement to the operation of discretionary trusts. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cases Associated Provincial Picture House Limitd v Wednesbury Corporation [1948] 1 KB 223 Burrough v Philcox (1840) 5 My CR 72 Edge v Pensions Ombudsman (1998) Gartside v IRC [1968] AC 553 Gisborne v Gisborne (1877) 2 App Cas 300 IRC v Broadway Cottages Trust [1955] Ch 20 McPhail v Doulton [1971] AC 424 Re Gulbenkian’s Settlement [1970] Ch 408 Re Nelson, ex parter Dare and Dolphin [1918] 1 KB 459 Re Smith, Public Trustee v Aspinall [1928] Ch 915 Re Trafford’s Settlement [1985] Ch 32 Re Weir’s Settlement [1969] 1 Ch 657 Sainsbury v IRC [1970] Ch 712 Saunders v Vautier (1841) 4 Beav 114 Vestey v IRC (No 2) [1979] Ch 198 Secondary sources Gardner, S (2003) An Introduction to the Law of Trusts, 3rd Edition (Oxford: Clarenden) Harris, J. (1971) ‘Trust, Power or Duty’, 87 Law Quarterly Review 31 Harris, J. (1970) ‘Discretionary Trusts, an End and a Beginning’, Modern Law Review, 33, 6 Hudsdon, A. (2007) Equity and Trusts, 5th Edition (London: Routledge) Martin, J.E. (2001) Hanbury and Martin – Modern Equity, 16th Edition (London: Sweet Maxwell) Pearce, R. and Stevens, J. (2006) The Law of Trusts and Equitable Obligations, 4th Edition (Oxford: OUP) Penner, J.E. (2004) The Law of Trusts, 4th Edition (London: LexisNexis) Pettit, P.H. (2001) Equity and the Law of Trusts, 9th Edition (Oxford: OUP) Watt, G. (2007) Todd and Watts Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts, 6th Edition (Oxford: OUP)

Accounting Information Sytems

Wikipedia: An accounting information system (AIS) is a system of collection, storage and processing of financial and accounting data that is used by decision makers. An accounting information system is generally a computer-based method for tracking accounting activity in conjunction with information technology resources. The resulting statistical reports can be used internally by management or externally by other interested parties including investors, creditors and tax authorities. The actual physical devices and systems that allows the AIS to operate and perform its functions 1. Internal controls and security measures: what is implemented to safeguard the data 2. Model Base ManagementThe collection, storage and processing of financial and accounting data that is used by decision makers. An accounting information system is generally a computer-based method for tracking accounting activity in conjunction with information technology resources. The resulting statistical reports can be used internally by management or externally by other interested parties including investors, creditors and tax authorities. An accounting information systems that combines traditional accounting practices such as the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) with modern information technology resources. Six elements compose the typical accounting information system: People – the system users.Procedure and Instructions – methods for retrieving and processing data. Data – information pertinent to the organization's business practices. Software – computer programs used to process data.Information Technology Infrastructure – hardware used to operate the system. Internal Controls – security measures to protect sensitive data.MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTINGManagement accounting or managerial accounting is concerned with the provisions and use of accounting information to managers within organizations, to provide them with the basis to make informed bu siness decisions that will allow them to be better equipped in their management and  control functions.In contrast to financial accountancy information, management accounting information is: primarily forward-looking, instead of historically  model based with a degree of abstraction to support decision making generically, instead of case based; designed and intended for use by managers within the organization, instead of being intended for use by shareholders, creditors, and public regulators; usually confidential and used by management, instead of publicly reported; computed by reference to the needs of managers, often using management information systems, instead of by reference to general.The process of preparing management reports andaccounts that provide accurate and timely financial and statistical information required by managers to make day-to-day and short-term decisions. Unlike financial accounting, which produces annual reports mainly for external stakeholders, manage ment accounting generates monthly or weekly reports for an organization's internal audiences such as department managers and the chief executive officer. These reports typically show the amount of available cash, sales revenue generated, amount of orders in hand, state of accounts payable and accounts receivable, outstanding debts, raw material and inventory, and may also include trend charts, variance analysis, and other statistics. Also called managerial accounting.BUSINESS POLICYThis course examines the components and processes of the strategic management model, using examples from Canada and the United States. Students learn to do case analysis throughout the course. Topics covered include strategic management, social responsibility, environmental and internal analysis and diagnosis, strategy selection, and implementation and evaluation After completing this course, students should be able to:Perform a rigorous analysis of a company's strategic direction. Identify and explain a company's mission and vision statement and relate and critique  these statements to the company's strategic direction. Prepare a SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats) analysis and explain and evaluate the relationship between the SWOT and a company's strategic direction. Identify and explain all micro and macro forces that shape a company's strategic plan and determine performance. Analyze and evaluate all the steps for the proper alignment of financial and non-financial resources within a company's strategic plan.Analyze a company's strategic plan in the context of the industry life cycle and environment in which it operates. Analyze, evaluate, and draw conclusions on the effectiveness and performance of control and integration mechanisms. Establish metrics to assess and measure strategic performance. Analyze and evaluate the company's communication and feedback loop relative to company strategy and performance.Analyze, evaluate, and draw conclusions on the finan cial performance relative to the company's strategic plan. Analyze, evaluate, and identify risks and risk mitigation strategies appropriate to the company's strategic direction. Analyze, evaluate, and develop strategies for a single or multi-business organization. Assess, analyze, and recommend changes to company strategy based on a full analysis of a company's strategic plan. Develop and prepare a strategic review document presented in a consistent form and properly documented.PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTProduction and Operations Management (â€Å"POM†) is about the transformation of production and operational inputs into â€Å"outputs† that, when distributed, meet the needs of customers.The process in the above diagram is often referred to as the â€Å"Conversion Process†. There are several different methods of handling the conversion or production process – Job, Batch, Flow and Group. POM incorporates many tasks that are interdependent, but whi ch can be grouped under five main headings:PRODUCTMarketers in a business must ensure that a business sells products that meet customer needs and wants. The role of Production and Operations is to ensure that the business actually makes the required products in accordance with the plan. The role of PRODUCT in POM therefore concerns areas such as:– Performance – Aesthetics – Quality – Reliability – Quantity – Production costs – Delivery datesPLANTTo make PRODUCT, PLANT of some kind is needed. This will comprise the bulk of the fixed assets of the business. In determining which PLANT to use, management must consider areas such as: – Future demand (volume, timing)– Design and layout of factory, equipment, offices – Productivity and reliability of equipment – Need for (and costs of) maintenance – Heath and safety (particularly the operation of equipment) – Environmental issues (e.g. creation of wa ste products)PROCESSESThere are many different ways of producing a product. Management must choose the best process, or series of processes.They will consider: – Available capacity – Available skills – Type of production – Layout of plant and equipment – Safety – Production costs – Maintenance requirementsPROGRAMMESThe production PROGRAMME concerns the dates and times of the products that are to be produced and supplied to customers. The decisions made about programme will be influenced by factors such as: – Purchasing patterns (e.g. lead time)– Cash flow – Need for / availability of storage – TransportationPEOPLEProduction depends on PEOPLE, whose skills, experience and motivation vary. Key people-related decisions will consider the following areas: – Wages and salaries – Safety and training – Work conditions – Leadership and motivation – Unionisation – Communicati onGOOD GOVERNANCEGood governance is about the processes for making and implementing decisions. It’s not about making ‘correct’ decisions, but about the best possible process for making those decisions.Good decision-making processes, and therefore good governance, share several characteristics. All have a positive effect on various aspects of local government including consultation policies and practices, meeting procedures, service quality protocols, councillor and officer conduct, role clarification and good working relationships.

How Is Dramatic Meaning Created in the Opening Scene of Forrest gump Essay

Academy Awards, 1995 Golden Globe Awards, 1995 MTVMovie Awards, 1995 People? s Choice Awards, 2005 American Film Institute Awards andvarious other ones. It was an adaption of a novel of the same name, by Winston Groom. Robert Zemeckis was the director of the movie, and he made great decisions about thecamera techniques to be used in each scene. In 1996, a restaurant with the name? Bubba Gump? was open in honour of the movie, and surprisingly there is one in thePeak Galleria in Hong Kong! The opening scene of the movie is filmed very beautifully, especially with thefeather floating in the air, because it creates the mood of the whole piece. Also, themusic and sounds chosen to accompany the opening scene, contributes to the tone of the entire movie. From right the beginning of the film, the feather is already floating around in theair. This white feather is a symbolic object that counts as a sign. The whiteness of itseems to show the purity and innocence Forrest has, and his enthusiastic personality,where he is determined to do whatever it takes to fulfill his own, and his friends andfamilies? dreams. It also seem to symbolize the famous quote that his mom always said,? Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you? e gonna get.? With thefeather floating to random places, e. g. on top of cars, on people? s shoulders, on thefloor? It shows how random life can be, and how no one ever knows what lies in theirpath of life, what obstacles they will have to overcome, and what their destiny is. A very interesting effect the feather is shot from in the opening scene is that it isa extreme long shot of different parts of the town, allowing the audience to adapt thesetting of the film into their minds, whilst the feather is shot from multiple angles,sometimes close up, and sometimes using medium shots. With the words and the townbackground, the feather interestingly, is still the focal point of the whole shot, andunintentionally, your eyes follow wherever it is going even when the background ischanged drastically. When the feather is shot in the sky, it is from a low angle, which shows theimportance of it as a sign, so it feels as if the feather is superior to the audience, whoare inferior in this point of the film. There are also several shots of the feather floatingabove the forest with lots of greenery; the colours really contrast, with the white on thegreen, which also helps draw the audience? attention to the tiny white feather in theforeground. The two minutes with the feather as the focal point of the shots are shotfrom different distances and various techniques. Sometimes, the feather is close up, andcomparing it with the size of the buildings in the background, it almost seems bigger. During the whole process of introducing the feather and the symbolism behind it, thecamera technique used is track, because the camera just follows wherever the feathergoes. When the feather lands on a man? s shoulder and on the car, a medium shot isused, and its shot from a high angle. Normally, it is when a low angle is used that the audience feels inferior, but in this situation, the feather still seems somewhat superior,and looking down at it, feels like the audience is looking at the whole theory of life usinga different point of view. With various examples of the feather landing on differentplaces, it shows how many unexpected things could happen in life, and no one knowswhat their destiny will be. After floating for a long time in the wind, the feather finally ends up on theground next to Forrest Gump’s shoe and stops moving. A close up of the shoe along withthe feather is taken, which emphasizes once again, the importance of the feather, andthe shoe as well. So far, the camera technique used is still tracking. The shoe is also asign because it shows how Forrest has managed to overcome many obstaclesthroughout life, to be in the position he is now. The shoe is significant, because as achild, Forrest had a problem with his spine, so he couldn? t walk properly. He starts running and breaks his leg braces, and through all thepain and suffering, manages to start running, and learns that his legs are functional. Soespecially since his shoes are dirty in the shot, it portrays that he has worked very hardand overcame many obstacles wearing those shoes. Also, Forrest states that his motheralways says ? Shoes can tell a lot about a person. Where they go. Where they havebeen.? The close up continues on when Forrest picks up the feather with his hand, andduring that instance, a tilt is used where the audience looks at Forrest from his feet upto his head. This is a great way to introduce the character. Whilst Forrest examining thefeather, the audience sees just the top half of his body, which means that a mediumshot was used. It is effective to use a medium shot for this part of the film, because theaudience should really focus on the facial expression on Forrest? s face to see what hefeels about the feather. The medium shot continues to be in use when Forrest placesthe feather in his suitcase. A track is used to show Forrest using a medium shot once again afterwards, toshow him staring into the difference, this quickly cuts into a long shot of him still lookinginto the distance. A sense of mystery is created because the audience members want tofind out what is so interesting that he keeps on staring at. Then, a bus comes along andblocks the view of Forrest, and the connection between the audience and Forrest isbroken. The camera remains still until the woman who comes off the bus sits on thebench next to Forrest. A zoom is used here, which is quite effective, because essentially,the audience really wants to know what will happen between Forrest and this woman. Most likely, they will begin chatting, which is why there is a zoom used to basically seewhat will happen. After a bit of chatting between the two, the camera quickly zoomsinto a close up of Forrest? s face. This is a very important and beneficial shot, because itgradually slips into the next scene here. Where Forrest starts squinting his eyes? Overall, a variety of camera movements, angles and distances are used in theopening scene of the well ? known film Forrest Gump. The main sign is the feather,which is in nearly the whole of the opening scene. The significance of it is shown withthe comparison to Forrest? s mothers? theory of life.