OUTLINE ON ARAB AMERICANS AND JEWISH AMERICANS Assignment

Layout ON ARAB AMERICANS AND JEWISH AMERICANS - Assignment Example moving to the United States during the nineteenth century on account of two significant reasons that I have distinguished (Caught in the Crossfire: Arab Americans | PBS, n.d.). Most importantly, similar to the various ethnic gatherings that went to the United States, Arab Americans came looking for better chances. This was caused on account of the wars and financial difficulties in some Arab nations explicitly two significant devastating blows: the opening of the Suez Canal that inclined world traffic from Syria to Egypt that caused different rivals in the silk business to have simple access in contending with the Lebanese silk industry; and when the Lebanese vineyards were attacked by phylloxera. iii.Another purpose behind Arab American’s migration would be close to home progression. This is particularly in light of the fact that they were encountering strict mistreatments, and the absence of political and common opportunity as a result of the abusive Ottoman system (NITLE Arab World Project, n.d.). ii. To have the option to get away from mistreatment. They originally showed up in New Amsterdam, a Dutch-possessed settlement then with no Jewish people group. From the start, they were declined affirmation since they apparently was the blasphemers of Christ until they had the option to demonstrate that they are faithful and monetarily profitable occupants that they were invited to live and work in New Amsterdam (The Jewish Americans. Jewish Life in America | PBS. n.d.). For Arab Americans, they set up the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee which is answerable for safeguarding privileges of individuals of Arab plummet and advance their social legacy in any event, when they are in an outside nation (About Us - American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee. n.d.). Beside that, the Arab American Institute, which is a non-benefit association, was made to support the immediate interest of Arab Americans in political and city life in the United States (About the Institute | The Arab American Institute. n.d.). For the Jewish Americans, the â€Å"Jewish American Heritage Month† now

A Gathering of Old Men essays

A Gathering of Old Men expositions The joining of the white and dark races is the most momentous occasion of the second 50% of this century, outperformed uniquely by two world wars in its centrality. A Gathering of Old Men is an astounding secret about a youthful white lady and seventeen old dark men in a secluded Louisiana township, every one of whom admit to the homicide of a severe Cajun rancher. The straightforward images utilized in A Gathering of Old Men greatly affect Gaines crowd. These images are the tractor and the sugar stick. The tractor represents a picture of the present, though the stick speaks to the times of the past when the blacks worked the land. The old dark men are solid disapproved, yet the Cajun ranchers changes are colossal and disheartening. The Cajuns ranchers changes to the lifestyle implies the obliteration of the sugar stick fields. This is turn obliterates the old mens pasts. The old mens precursors developed the stick fields some time before any of the current characters were alive. On their approach to Mathus home, they review the ample sections of land of stick fields; rather, they notice the obliteration of the sugar stick fields. It was the point at which they saw a vacant stick field, it generally caused [them] to feel forlorn (43). The devastation of the sugar stick fields additionally indicated the conspicuousness of the Cajun ranchers and their mastery. The sugar stick fields started to seem as though where old buddies have moved from, going out vacant and exposed (43). Similarly as the sugar stick fields started to vanish, so did the recognizable days. The Cajun ranchers cultivating strategies changed as time went on. The tractor was presented and that is the thing that started to pulverize the stick fields. This is corresponding to the old mens lifestyle that has been decimated by the Cajun ranchers disdain. The tractor is an image of the movement of time from past to introduce. None of Marshalls inhabitants that vibe the effect of the chan... <! A Gathering of elderly people Men papers right off the bat in this elaquent novel.. a sheriff is gathered to a sugarcane ranch where he discovers one youthful white lady, around eighteen old dark men, and one dead Cajun rancher. The sheriff is certain he realizes who murdered the cajun albeit every one of the men is toting a shotgun, just one of them could hit a coard entryway however dangers and slaps neglect to change their accounts. Every one cases blame, and everything except one guarantee to incite a mob at the town hall if the sheriff attempts to make a capture. Meanwhile, they sit tight for a lynch horde that the senior member man's dad like his child, an infamous animal makes certain to dispatch... Before it is finished, everybody included has been astonished by something the old dark men not cast of all, by their first taste of intensity and pride ... <! A Gathering of Old Men expositions A Gathering of Old Men, by Ernest J. Gaines, starts with the youngster storyteller, Snookum, who gets the message out that there has been a shooting on a Louisiana estate. The individual murdered is a white, Cajun rancher, named Beau Boutan. He has been slaughtered in the yard of an old, dark specialist, named Mathu. In view of the continuous clash among Cajuns and blacks in South Louisiana, the dread of the dark individuals is quickly felt. In South Louisiana, there is a lot of harshness between Cajuns, which are depicted as a white, French, customarily poor, uneducated and an ethnic minority themselves, with a background marked by savagery towards blacks, and the dark individuals. There are fifteen unique characters in this story, and all have a significant job. Since there are such a significant number of suspects for the shooting, this truly squeezes a character named Mapes. Mapes, is a white sheriff who customarily manages the dark individuals by the utilization of terrorizing a nd power, winds up in a disappointing circumstance of managing a gathering of old dark men, each conveying a shotgun and each guaranteeing that he shot Beau Boutan. Also, Candy Marshall, the youthful white lady whose family possessed the ranch, asserts that she did it. Over the span of the novel, Mapes is depicted as active, difficult, and is driven. Statement: Shoot them back, Mapes Said. Shoot them like you shot me (203). Rework: If they take shots at you, take shots back at them simply like you took shots at me (178). Model: Mapes is getting baffled since everybody is asking him what to do. Statement: Ill handle it my way Mapes said (119). Rework: I dont care what you think at the present time, Ill complete it in the long run the way that I need to do it (89). Model: Gil and others start to get eager at Mapes in light of the fact that they don't think he comprehends what he is doing. ... <!

When Your Kids Dont Love Your Favorite Childhood Stories

When Your Kids Dont Love Your Favorite Childhood Stories This is a guest post from Rebecca Einstein Schorr. Rebecca is a rabbi, essayist, special needs advocate, and life-wrangler. When she’s not channeling all of the energy into her duties as chief scullery maid, freelance writer, and editor of a professional newsletter, Rebecca can be found reading. Her husband continues to marvel how it is she finds time to read when it seems that there wasn’t time for her to do the laundry. (Sorry, honey.) Chat with her on Twitter @RebeccaSchorr. It was my dream trip. To visit Prince Edward Island, during the summer, and traipse through all of Anne Shirley’s girlhood haunts. Mentioning this to my husband as we planned our first married trip together, his reply could not have been more perfect: save that trip for when our future daughter (God-willing) is old enough to share the experience with you. It was, I now see, a risky dream on which to hang my straw hat. Had we only had sons, or been unable to have any children, the dream would have ended right there and then. But at the time it seemed to be a very Gilbert Blythe-like response. And just a few months into our marriage, these alternatives were not even part of our consciousness. Imagine, then, my delight when I gave birth to a daughter. Mere hours after entering the world, I cradled my dark-haired beauty in the crook of my arm and told her of all the wonderful things that awaited her including a far-off journey we would take together after she had (of course) fallen in love with the world of Anne of Green Gables. Lilly was slow to read. It wasn’t that she didn’t like it; it’s just that she wasn’t very good at it. We had followed the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics to a tee. We read to our children daily. With inflection. And asked them questions. Our home is filled with books and each child has his or her own personal library. They see my husband and me read for enjoyment. Not just books, but all sorts of periodicals. We are the model family when it comes to reading readiness. And yet all three of our kids have struggled with the printed word. Everything about Lilly as a little girl indicated that she would share my deep affection for these stories and the world L.M. Montgomery described. She loved tea parties and ruffled dresses and dreaming of fantastical places. But when the reading light bulb in her brain was finally switched to the on position, it wasn’t the beloved books of my youth she desired. Beverly Clearly? Nope. Laura Ingalls Wilder? No way. Neither The Little Princess nor The Secret Garden captured her heart. Not even Nancy Drew or Trixie Belden could hold her interest. Instead, she gravitates towards the Dork Diaries, The Land of Stories, and, her latest literary obsession, the Percy Jackson series. Dare I suggest a book, especially one with fond childhood memories, it is met with rolled eyes and a heavy sigh. I could write this off as Lilly’s attempt to separate herself from me. After all, she is nearly twelve and is deep in the throes of tweenhood. She vacillates between wanting me to be her BFF and responding to every interaction with such vitriol that I imagine part of my soul being crushed. So I get that my unsolicited recommendations may very well impede on her need to establish her own likes and dislikes. Or â€" and this is a harder, but much more important possibility â€" my own daughter just doesn’t love the books I love. And that needs to be OK. While I fantasized about sharing my love for particular books with her, the reality is that I have shared my love of reading with her. So we may or may not ever visit PEI together. But on August 18th, you’ll find me baking a blue cake in honor of Percy Jackson’s birthday. Because that’s her current literary dream. And literary dreams are something that we do have in common.

Work Environment And Performance As A Team - 1164 Words

Working as a team will improve the quality of care and provide great service to individuals. The purpose of having a team is to have a framework that will increase the ability for employees to participate in problem-solving, planning and decision-making. John C. Maxwell is the author of the book Teamwork Makes the Dream Work. He is known as one of America s experts on leadership. He is also the founder of John Maxwell Team Online University. He stated that â€Å"Teamwork makes the dream work, but a vision becomes a nightmare when the leader has a big dream and a bad team† (Transformational Leadership Strategist, 2015). A team can be any group of people or organizations working together to interdependently and cooperatively help meet the needs of their residents or patients based on their settings. Team work is essential in the healthcare field for happy employees. I gave a survey to 50 employees at Our Lady of the Lake – Ollie Steele that questioned their opinion on their work environment and performance as a team. The team mainly consists of Registered Nurses (RN), Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN), Certified Nurse Aides (CNA), kitchen staff, housekeeping, laundry, maintenance and administration. Each department and/or individual has a specific job to do within the main collaborative goal of providing service to the residents. I then observed the work environment of these employees during the day shift and again during the evening shift. I was looking for theShow MoreRelated Team Based Organizations Essay1190 Words   |  5 PagesTeam Based Organizations Introduction A team is a small group of people with complementary skills who work actively together to achieve a common purpose for which they hold themselves collectively accountable. In today’s society, there can be several different factors that are associated for a group of people to become a high performance team. For a team to achieve great performance, and deliver real benefits to the organization, they have to be able to distinguish their strengths and weaknessesRead MoreDeveloping A Positive Work Environment At Verizon Wireless.1504 Words   |  7 Pages Developing a Positive Work Environment at Verizon Wireless Tyronda Wilson DeVry University – Keller Graduate School of Management Dr. Victoria Ashiru – Managerial Decision-Making (MGMT530) 04/16/2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction- Overview of Decision Problem Problem Statement Objectives Summary of Key Objectives Alternatives Description of Alternatives Selection Consequence Table with Original Values: Ranking Alternatives Scoring Model Weighted ScoringRead MoreTraditional vs Team Environments850 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: Traditional vs. Team Work Environments Traditional vs. Team Work Environments and the Potential for Self-Managed Teams Traditional vs Team Environments This paper will explain the differences between traditional environments and team work environments. According to Exhibit 12.1 in our text book, in the traditional environment the managers determine and plan the work, and in a team environment the managers and team members jointly determine and plan the work.   Jobs are narrowly definedRead MoreTeam Feedback Seeking Behavior ( Fsb )779 Words   |  4 PagesTeam Feedback-seeking Behavior Feedback-seeking behavior (FSB) refers to individuals’ search for evaluative information about their performance, internal processes and other behaviors for attaining valued goals (Crommelinck Anseel, 2013; De Stobbeleir, Ashford, Buyens, 2011). FSB is one of the proactive behaviors whereby individuals preemptively seek for feedback either by directly asking or indirectly observing cues in the environment to infer from them (Ashford, De Stobbeleir, Nujella, 2016)Read MoreDifferent Approaches For Human Resource Management Essay1517 Words   |  7 PagesThe environment of business is changing continuously and along with this, the human resource team need to find which strategy could be effective for the organization. There could be two different approaches for human resource managers which are best practices as well as best fit model. The proponent of best practice model state a bundle of human resource policies that include reward system whereas the best fit approaches prom otes that, reward system should be aligned to the strategy of the organizationRead MoreEssay on level 5 unit 101314 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Level 5 Unit 10 LEAD AND MANAGE A TEAM WITHIN A HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL CARE SETTING 1. Understand the features of effective team performance within a health and social care setting 1.1 Explain the features of effective team performance Introduction A team is a group of people working together in a related field to achieve an agreed goal, target or objective. In order to attain the overall goal activities and tasks are shared between the team members with give individuals their roles andRead MoreAccenture and Ups Case1288 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the advantages of working in a virtual environment like the one created by Accenture? What are the disadvantages? Advantages There are many advantages of working in a virtual environment 1. Reach to Customer : Office work environment limits an employee to the office only. In today s world there are lot of jobs specially consulting or outsourcing jobs requires deep understanding of customer processes , which one cannot get just by reading document or talking to delegated people. ItRead MoreHrm Practice887 Words   |  4 Pagesthat a high performance enterprise’s successful human resource practices also can be the example used in other enterprises and get the same results. As a result of the different understanding of people, there is also having other definitions. For example, Johnson (2000) also giving an definition that best practice is considered as a type of human resource method or system which have some qualities like additive additively, universal, and promotional effects on the organizational performance. AlthoughRead MoreJob performance is normally measured by task related statements and behaviors. Nowadays,800 Words   |  4 PagesJob performance i s normally measured by task related statements and behaviors. Nowadays, organizations pay more attention to the behaviors of how an employee can add more value and how they help to achieve the goals. These behaviors are called organizational citizenship and contextual performance. Counterproductive behavior viewed as a contrary to the organizations interest and they include theft in the workplace to the poor quality of work. Professional sport teams can help an organization answerRead MoreHow Current Project Teams Within The Organization Can Work More Collaboratively And Effectively1335 Words   |  6 Pageswill address the question of how current project teams within the organization can work more collaboratively and effectively. Due to the number of recent failed projects, the organization is currently looking into how project teams are set up and managed. The issue, given the circumstances, revolves around how to equip managers, team leaders, and members with the skills and su pport to progress from project teams to high performing project teams in order to deliver the much-needed results in their

Terrorism Is The Act Of Using Violence - 1493 Words

TERRORISM- CRITICALLY ANALYSED Terrorism is the act of using violence in order to evoke fear, especially for political purposes. This meaning developed in the nineteenth century to include violence outside the boundaries of state such as the assignation of political leaders by anarchists (Tosini, 2007). Over the year’s sociologist have tried to understand, interpret and analyse this phenomena in many different perspectives and theories. This essay will look at two particular sociological perspectives of terrorism; by Mathew Deflem and Gabe Mythen and Sandra, to critically analyse the content of their articles, their perspective on the understanding of terrorism, and the limitation in respect to their theories. Mathew Deflem uses his theory to explore how Bureaucratization theory can be utilized to create effective policing, subsequently producing successful counter-terrorism strategies. Through the bureaucratisation theory Mathew depicts that public police agencies don’t necessarily reflect the ideology of the government; contrary to the belief that the police are an extension of government power (Deflem, 2004). The bureaucratization theory, created by Weber dictates that the more developed and industrialized a society becomes, it will experience greater bureaucratization. Such a machine like society will most likely maximize efficiency and control, hence rationalizing the modern state (Gajduschek, 2003). Consequently, bureaucratization theory can also be utilized to findShow MoreRelatedTerrorism from Above vs.Terrorism from Below1236 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism from above is known as state terrorism, state terrorism is not always a straightforward process in fact it is usually a covert, secret policy that allows states to claim deniability when accused of sponsoring terrorism. There are several ways to spot terrorism from above and can be included many different aspects. Sponsors of terrorism in terrorism from above, this means the state actively promotes terrorism and has been deemed what the U.S. call a rogue state. There are also enablersRead MoreTerrorism : Killing Innocents For Noble Causes Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism: Killing Innocents for Noble Causes Can you remember where you were on the fatal day of September 11, 2001? When people think of terrorism, the first thought is usually about that dreadful day. Terrorism is defined as, â€Å"Premeditated and unlawful acts in which groups or agents of some principal engage in a threatened or actual use of force against human or property targets† (p. G-23). Terrorists often uses violence or threat to advance their agenda or goal. Terrorism is very widespreadRead MoreState Sponsored Terrorism Is Not Conducted By Democratic Regimes900 Words   |  4 Pagesdefine terrorism: (1) the use or threat to use violence; (2) a political objective; (3) with intent to spread fear through a public act; (4) with the intent to commit violence against civilians (Various, n.d.). Additionally, these themes are promoted mostly by non-democratic societies or dictatorships that advance their goals through state sponsored terrorism. State sponsored terrorism is not conducted by democratic regimes for if they truly suppressed their people through acts of terrorism thenRead MoreTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is1100 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism The word terrorism seems to be easy to define. It is a word that everyone is familiar with. Terrorism, as used in todays media which covers a wide range of violent acts. Terrorism is violent acts that are intended to create fear(terror) are perpetrated for a religious ,political or ideological goal and deliberately target or disregard the safety of non civilians or we can say it is the threat of violence or an act of violence . Terrorism is an international problem in todays globalRead More The True Meaning of Terrorism Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThe True Meaning of Terrorism Think of the word terrorism. What is the first thing that comes to mind? One might think of kidnapping, assassination, bombing, or even genocide and guerrilla warfare. Because it is such a broad and complex issue, an all-encompassing definition is hard to formulate. The United States Department of Defence defines terrorism as†¦ The calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societiesRead MoreTerrorist Attacks On The World Trade Center1170 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent than the dangers of terrorism at a global scale: domestic terrorism. At its core, domestic terrorism differs from any other type of terrorism in the sense that those who carry it out are citizens or permanent residents of a given country and who inflict violence and intimidation against their fellow citizens or permanent residents in the pursuit of political aims (Sharpe, 2000, p. 606). In that sense, domestic terrorism may also be called homegrown terrorism. Perhaps the best, and mostRead MoreTerrorism And The Terrorist Group Isis1740 Words   |  7 Pagesthe lasts terrorism acts and the terrorist group ISIS. Within this report we will discuss how terrorism tends to take a hold on some individuals and this learner will discuss the overall feeling of this subject that seems to be missed by the USA and other Nations very briefly. We will try to get a better understanding by reading these three article which are: Bloom s 2011 article, Bombshells: Women and Terror, from Gender Issues; Campbell and Hansen 2014 article, Is Narco-Violence in Mexico Terrorism†Read MoreTerrorism Between Terrorism And Terrorism1207 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion † What trends are evident in terrorism over the past 5 years? How have these trends impacted on the ways in which counter terrorism has responded in the Australian context? Introduction Terrorism poses a serious security challenge to the Australia and globally as it prevalence has increased over a decade although less attacks occur in the Western nations. The purpose of this assignment is to examine what trends and terrorist tactics are evident internationally over the past 5 years andRead MoreWhat Is Terrorism, Is It Wrong, And Could It Ever Be Morally Permissible?1530 Words   |  7 PagesIn Alison M. Jaggar’s paper â€Å"What is Terrorism, Why is it Wrong, and Could it Ever be Morally Permissible?†, she takes the topic of terrorism and tries to bring up information about it in a way to where terrorism can be discussed fairly and examined critically. Terrorism has been defined differently by various people, but many have voiced their concerns about this type of violence. Jaggar tried to develop an account (i.e., in-depth definition) of terrorism that would be consistent, precise, andRead MoreTerrorism : A Modern Terrorist Organization850 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism is a tactic that has been used for centuries, it is one of the most important and dangerous problems facing mankind today. Terrorism is the calculated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to intimidate, frighten, or coerce. In addition, the history of terrorism is as old as humans willingness to use violence exist. The earliest known organization that exhibited aspects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Zealots of Judea were known to the Romans as

Assignments IBL2 Free Essays

string(223) " Double Taxation Treaties between any of these states, which ones of them may impose income taxes on Ann\? On what income may they impose such taxes\? On what bases may they do so\? Situation 2: Mal Hombre was a rock star\." Assignments IBL2 November 2009-11-24 All subgroups number 1: Answer the following questions: a. end of chapter 10 questions number 1, 4, 5 and 6 b. give your opinion on the following situation: Intermediary Oil Co. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignments IBL2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now (IOC) of Country A purchased fuel oil that was at sea aboard a tanker. IOC then contracted to sell the oil to Big City Power Co. (BCPC) in Country B. At the time that IOC purchased the cargo of fuel oil, it received a certificate from the foreign refinery that had produced the oil certifying that its sulfur content was 0. 52 percent. When IOC contracted to sell the oil to BCPC, IOC stated that the sulfur content of the oil was 0. 5 percent (IOC rounded off the 0. 52 percent as was the custom in the trade). During its negotiations with BCPC, IOC learned that BCPC was allowed by local regulations to burn oil containing up to 1. 0 percent sulfur and that BCPC mixed the oils that it received containing greater or lesser percentages to maintain that amount. When the tanker arrived with the oil at BCPC’s storage depot, the oil’s sulfur content proved to be 0. 92 percent. BCPC rejected the shipment. IOC immediately offered BCPC a reduced price, but BCPC rejected this. The next day IOC offered to cure the defective shipment by substituting conforming oil that was on a tanker that was due to arrive approximately 4 weeks after the original delivery date. BCPC rejected this offer to cure. IOC then sued for breach of contract. The trial court, applying the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) as the governing law, held for IOC, concluding that IOC’s timely offer to cure had been improperly rejected and that BCPC was required to accept the substitute shipment. BCPC appealed. Should the appeals court affirm? All subgroups number 2: Give your opinion on and discuss the two following situations: Situation 1: Mellow Wine Co. of Country C (in Europe) produces and exports wines. It sold 1,245 cases of its wine to Tippler Distributing Co. in Country D (in North America). The contract did not use any trade terms or specify any delivery terms to any specific destination. Mellow, through its agent in Country D, selected Bigport for the port of entry in Country D. Mellow then delivered the wine to an ocean-going carrier at a port in Country C for transport to Country D on July 5 of last year. The shipping documents and the markings on the goods identified the wine as belonging to Tippler. Some six weeks later, on August 20, Tippler learned that the wine had been lost on the high seas on July 19 when the ship sank with all hands aboard. Tippler refused to pay Mellow. Mellow then sued Tippler for the full purchase price, claiming that the risk of loss had passed to Tippler, the buyer, at the time the wine had been delivered to the carrier. Tippler answered that because Mellow had not given it prompt notice of the shipment (not until after the ship was lost at sea) that the risk of loss had not passed from Mellow. Both Countries C and D are signatories of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the parties’ contract designates the CISG as the governing law. Is Tippler liable for the purchase price of the wine? Situation 2: Weaver Mills Co. in Country F contracted to purchase 100,000 yards of jute from Natural Fiber Co. in Country G at US$ 0. 64 per yard. Natural delivered 22,228 yards to Weaver at Weaver’s plant, but it then informed Weaver that it would deliver no more. Several other of Weaver’s suppliers also defaulted, so Weaver was forced to purchase a total of 164,503 yards of jute in the market a month later at a price of US$ 1. 21 per yard. Weaver then sued Natural for the difference between the market price it had paid and contract price on the 77,772 yards of jute that Natural had not delivered. Both Countries F and G are signatories of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the parties’ contract designated the CISG as the governing law. Must Natural pay the amount Weaver demands? All subgroups number 3: Give your opinion on and discuss the following situation and question: Situation: Importers, Inc. , in County A contracted with Overseas Exporters, Ltd. in Country B to purchase 50 crates of army surplus boots in assorted sizes. Importers secured an irrevocable letter of credit from Home City Bank in Country A that named Overseas Exporters as the beneficiary. The credit required Overseas Exporters to produce a bill of lading naming the bank as the consignee (plus other appropriate documents) in order for it to collect payment on the credit. When Overseas Exporters placed the crates aboard a carrier for shipment, it received the required bill of lading and other documents. Importers then learned that Overseas Exporters had filled the crates with rubbish not boots. Importers promptly notified Home City Bank of this and asked the bank not to pay Overseas Exporters on the letter of credit. The bank refused. Importers has now brought suit to enjoin the bank from making payment. Should a court grant Importers request? Question: Describe the three basic systems countries have adopted to ameliorate the burden of international double taxation. Indicate which of these is most advantageous to taxpayers and why this is so. Describe which of these systems is preferred by most countries and why this is so. All subgroups number 4: Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Ann is a citizen of State A. She resides in State B. She owns real property in State C that produces rental income. She owns personal property (stocks and bonds) in State D. Assuming that there are no Double Taxation Treaties between any of these states, which ones of them may impose income taxes on Ann? On what income may they impose such taxes? On what bases may they do so? Situation 2: Mal Hombre was a rock star. He was a resident of State A who earned most of his income in State B from performances he put on in State B. State B had signed a Double Taxation Treaty with State C that was modeled on the provisions of the OECD and UN Model Treaties. Mal established his residency in State C as of January 1, 1998, by filing a declaration with State C’s tax authority. Each year since then he has lived 3 months in State C, 4 months in State A, and 5 months in State B. Mal also set up a company in State C, Mal Compania, that employed him as its sole employee and which received all of its income from his performances in State B. Mal Compania’s directors are all residents of State B, and the board holds all of its meetings in State B. State B seeks to assess taxes on Mal for his income from his performances in State B since January 1, 1998. Mal argues that he is exempt from State B taxation for those performances because of the Double Taxation Treaty between State B and State C. Is Mal correct? All subgroups number 5: Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Imogene is an Arizona certified public accountant with an office in the US town of Nogales, Arizona. She prepares tax returns for a variety of clients, but she specializes in doing so for migrant farm workers. More than half of her clients pay for her services in cash. Rather than deposit this income in a local bank account she puts it in a suitcase, drives across the nearby border with Mexico and deposits it in a bank in the Mexican town of Nogales. This bank pays exceptionally high interest rates on her deposits and over the past five years she has earned more than $335,000 in interest income on her deposits in Mexico. Recently, the Mexican bank informed the US Internal Revenue Service’s Criminal Investigation Division (CID) about Imogene’s deposits and interest income. Because Imogene had not reported the interest income on her US federal income tax returns, the CID contacted her for an explanation. First, she told the CID that it had to be mistaken, that she had no money deposited in Mexico. When the CID asked to see her business records, she asked her secretary, Joe, to hide the journal that showed her real income and give the CID a doctored journal that did not show Imogene’s cash income. Joe refused to do so and he gave the CID the undoctored journal. When confronted with this income, Imogene said she was trying to keep the income hidden from clients who might sue her for malpractice. She also said that the Mexican bank had told her that the interest income earned there was exempt from US taxes. When confronted with a certified letter from the bank’s president denying this, Imogene said that a Mexican lawyer must have told her that interest earned in Mexico is tax exempt, but she couldn’t remember the lawyer’s name. The IRS subsequently assessed Imogene for the taxes due on the unreported $335,000 of interest income plus a 50 percent penalty for having committed tax fraud. Imogene has appealed to your court to set aside the IRS’s determination that she committed tax fraud. Situation 2: Tatum is a famous movie star who is a national of State T. Tatum now lives in a large house in Hollywood in State U five months out of each year. The rest of the time she lives in a beach house in State V. She makes all of her movies, earns all of her income, and receives all of her royalty income in State U from the State U companies that produce the movies she acts in. She has not lived in State T for fifteen years, she earns no income there, and she has not paid any income taxes to State T for the fifteen years she has been out of the country. Nevertheless, State T has assessed her for delinquent income taxes for those fifteen years. Tatum denies that she has to pay. State T and State U are parties to a Double Taxation Treaty that is modeled on the provisions of the OECD and UN Model Treaties and Tatum claims that the treaty excuses her from having tax liability to State T. State T and State V are not parties to such a treaty. The matter has been assigned to your court in State T for review of the State T taxing authority’s assessment. All subgroups number 6 Answer the following questions: a. end of chapter 9 questions number 1, 4, and 9 b. give your opinion on and discuss the following situation: In 1985, Dr. Klutz Bumpkin in State X discovered a nitrogen-phosphate compound that was inexpensive to manufacture and which served as a superior fertilizer for legumes. Dr. Bumpkin’s discovery, however, was never patented in State X. Instead, information about the compound, which came to be called Nitrophos, was published in a variety of scientific and agricultural journals worldwide, including several publications of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1986 and 1987. Several of these journals were on file in the national library of State Y (a small developing country) as well as in the library of State Y’s two universities. Each of the libraries’ records shows, however, that these journals had never been checked out or used by anyone prior to 1992. In 1988, Omni Chemical Co. , a multinational corporation headquartered in State Z, applied for a patent in State Y for the production of a fertilizer called â€Å"Fast Grow39,† the formula of which included cornstarch and Nitrophos. The State Y Patent Office advertised the application in its Official Journal and no one opposed it. Omni accordingly received the patent. Recently, Green Chemical, Ltd. in State Y began to produce a fertilizer in competition with Omni’s Fast Grow 39 called â€Å"GreenUp. Omni had a sample of GreenUp analyzed and the analysis showed that GreenUp contained the same cornstarch and Nitrophos formula as Fast Grow 39. Omni, thereupon, brought suit for patent infringement. Green countersued to have Omni’s patent revoked. Has there been an infringement or should the request for revocation be granted? All subgr oups 7 Give your opinion on and discuss the following two situations: Situation 1: Leatherette, Ltd. manufactures a line of leather goods in State A, a member state of the European Union (EU). All of its products have the letters LL embossed on them as a distinctive mark. Leatherette owns the LL trademark in State A, and it has assigned the right to apply for and obtain the same trademark to licensees in the other EU member states (including licensees in State B and State C). As part of this licensing agreement, the licensees are given the exclusive right to distribute Leatherette products within the boundaries of their respective states. They are forbidden, however, from exporting the goods to any other state. KopyKat Co. has taken to buying Leatherette products in State B and reselling then in State C because it can do so at a profit. The Leatherette licensee in State C, which owns the trademark LL in State C, has brought suit for trademark infringement and it seeks an order that would stop KopyKat from importing the Leatherette products with the LL mark into State C. Will the licensee be successful? Situation 2: ClotheCo is the owner of a trademark that it puts on a line of distinctive men’s clothing that it sells in State C. This clothing is distinctive in part because it is all of the same color: â€Å"robin’s egg blue. † ClotheCo has licensed Dress Co. in State D to use its trademark. The licensing agreement forbids Dress Co. from exporting its products out of State D, and it requires Dress Co. to sell its products only to persons who agree not to export those products from State D for resale. Additionally, Dress Co. is only allowed to use the trademark on clothing that is colored â€Å"powder pink. † Parallel Co. buys the clothing manufactured by Dress Co. in State D and imports it into State C for sale there. ClotheCo has now brought suit against Parallel Co. , claiming that the goods Parallel Co. is importing into State C infringe ClotheCo. ’s trademark. Will ClotheCo succeed? How to cite Assignments IBL2, Essay examples

The Scrolls of the Dead sea Essay Example For Students

The Scrolls of the Dead sea Essay THE DEAD SEA SCROLLS Hum. 211 Karen Rank Sunday, October 17, 1999 While pursuing one of his goats into a cave near the Dead Sea in the Jordan Desert, in 1947, a fifteen year old boy by the name of Muhammad adh-Dhib, stumbled on to a great discovery. Inside the cave, he found broken jars that contained scrolls written in a strange language, wrapped in linen cloth and leather.1 This first discovery produced seven scrolls and started an archaeological search that produced thousands of scroll fragments in eleven caves. The Dead Sea is located in Israel and Jordan, east of Jerusalem. The dead sea is very deep, salty, and it’s the lowest body of water in the world. Because the dead sea is at such a low elevation, the climate has a high evaporation rate but a very low humidity which helped to preserve the scrolls.2 Archaeologists searched for the dwelling of the people that may have left the scrolls in the caves. The archaeologist excavated a ruin located between the cliffs where the scrolls were found and the dead sea. This ruin is called Qumran. The ruins and the scrolls were dated by the carbon 14 method and found to be from the third century which made them the oldest surviving biblical manuscript by at least 1000 years. Since the first discoveries archaeologists have found over 800 scrolls and scroll fragments in 11 different caves in the surrounding area. In fact, there are about 100,000 fragments found in all. Most of which were written on goat skin and sheep skin. A few were on papyrus, a plant used to make paper, but one scroll was engraved on copper sheeting telling of sixty buried treasure sites.3Because the scrolls containing the directions to the treasures is unable to be fully unrolled, the treasures have not been found yet. In all, the texts of the scrolls were remarkable. They contained unknown psalms, Bible commentary, calendar text, mystical texts, apocalyptic texts, liturgical texts, purity laws , bible stories, and fragments of every book in the Old Testament except that of Esther, including a imaginative paraphrase of the Book of Genesis. Also found were texts, in the original languages, of several books of the Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha. These texts—none of which was included in the Hebrew canon of the Bible—are Tobit, Sirach, Jubilees, portions of Enoch, and the Testament of Levi, up to this time known only in early Greek, Syriac, Latin, and Ethiopic versions.4 John Trever of the W. F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research, was allowed to investigate the scrolls and was stunned to find that the scrolls closely resemble the Nash Papyrus, the once known oldest fragment of the Hebrew Bible dated at or around 150 BC. One of the scrolls was a complete copy of the book of the prophet Isaiah. Trever also examined three other scrolls; the Manual of Discipline, a commentary on the book of Habbakuk, and one called the Genesis Apocryphon. Trever took photographs of the texts to William Foxwell Albright ; of John Hopkins University in Baltimore, who declared the scrolls dated back to around 100 BC.5 The scroll and fragments found in the Qumran is a library of information that contains books or works written in three different languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. Many scholars separated the scrolls into three different categories: Biblical Books found in the Hebrew Bible. Apocryphal or psuedepigraphical Works not in some Bibles but included in others. Sectarian ordinances, biblical commentaries, apocalyptic visions, and sacred works.6 One of the longer text, found in Qumran is the Tehillim or Psalms Scroll. It was found in 1956 in cave 11 and unrolled in 1961. It is a assortment of Psalms, hymns and an indifferent passage about the psalms authored by King David. The Secret Diary of Lady Macbeth Essay18 One of the most fascinating similarities is how the people divided themselves into twelve tribes led by twelve chiefs. This is very similar to how Jesus had twelve apostles who would sit on thrones and judge the twelve tribes of Israel. 19 The Dead Sea Scrolls were written during the birth of Christianity and an important time in Jewish history. The scrolls have giving an insight into the lives and customs of the people who lived in a time of Roman invasion and Jewish history. Although the text do not hold all the answers, they do give people a tool to use when studying biblical history. Only a very few scholars had access to the scrolls before copies of the scrolls were published in the 1990’s; now we all have a chance to read an come to our own conclusions about the text. Whether the scrolls uphold Jewish or Christian beliefs is not the only interesting part of the scrolls. The text also give a more personal look at the people who lived in a major part of Jewish history. WORKS CITED Burrows, Millar. (1955). The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Grammercy Publishing Company Roth, Cecil. (1965). The Dea Sea Scrolls. A New Historical Approach. New York: W. W. Norton Company. Schubert, Kurt . (1959). The Dead Sea Community. Great Britain: Bowering Press Plymouth. Shanks, Hershel. (1998). The Mystery And Meaning Of The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Random House. Project Judaica Foundation, Inc.(1996-1999) . Welcome to SCROLLS FROM THE DEAD SEA. The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Scholarship, an Exhibit at the Library of Congress, Washington,DC http://metalab.unc.edu/expo/deadsea. scrolls.exhibit/intro.html, Site design by New Connections. Bibliography:Bibliography WORKS CITED Burrows, Millar. (1955). The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Grammercy Publishing Company Roth, Cecil. (1965). The Dea Sea Scrolls. A New Historical Approach. New York: W.W. Norton Company. Schubert, Kurt . (1959). The Dead Sea Community. Great Britain: Bowering Press Plymouth. Shanks, Hershel. (1998). The Mystery And Meaning Of The Dead Sea Scrolls. New York: Random House. Project Judaica Foundation, Inc.(1996-1999) . Welcome to SCROLLS FROM THE DEAD SEA. The Ancient Library of Qumran and Modern Scholarship, an Exhibit at the Library of Congress, Washington,DC http://metalab.unc.edu/expo/deadsea.scrolls. exhibit/intro.html, Site design by New Connections. Word Count: 1513